从感叹到主观大量——“主之谓”结构在西南官话中的演变  

From Exclamation to Subjective Large Quantity--The Evolution of“NP zhi(之)VP”Structure in Southwestern Mandarin

作　　者：张耕 ZHANG Geng(The College of Literature and Journalism/The National Language Promotion Base,Sichuan University,Chengdu Sichuan 610207,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学文学与新闻学院/国家语言文字推广基地,成都610207

出　　处：《语言研究》2024年第3期80-86,共7页Studies in Language and Linguistics

基　　金：2024年度国家资助博士后研究人员计划“汉语主观量与主观性范畴的互动机制研究”(GZC20241177);四川大学专职博士后研发基金“四川岷江中游重点方言调查研究”(skbsh2024-64)。

摘　　要：基于四川洪雅方言,考察西南官话表程度义的“之”字句的语义演变,发现:表程度义的“之”并非来源于指示词的直接虚化,而是来源于“主之谓”结构的句式演变。“主之谓”结构在感叹语气的条件下独立成句,由语用推理得到主观大量含义;“之”负载了句式的主观大量含义,因而被重新识解为表程度义。此演变的认知过程是语境诱发的从感叹行为到感叹原因的转喻。With a case study of Hongya(洪雅)dialect in Sichuan(四川)province,this paper intends to discuss the semantic evolution of constructions with ts?(之)in southwestern mandarin.It points out that the special ts?(之)is not derived from demonstrative,but from pragmatic inference of“NP zhi(之)VP”structure as an independent sentence under the condition of exclamatory mood.The pragmatic meaning of“NP zhi(之)VP”structure is mismatched to??(之),and thus??(之)is reinterpreted as expressing subjective large quantity.The cognitive process of the evolution is context-induced metonymy from the act of exclamation to the cause of exclamation.

关 键 词：洪雅方言 “之” “主之谓” 感叹 主观大量 语用推理 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]