黑龙江省水稻品种选育进展与今后对策  

Progress and Straitegy of Rice Breeding in Heilongjiang

作　　者：刘晴[1] 高世伟[1] 刘宇强[1] 常汇琳 马成[1] 王婧泽 刘立超[1] 门龙楠 董晓慧[1] 王翠玲 戴常军 白瑞[1] 谷英楠 张宏天 聂守军[1] LIU Qing;GAO Shiwei;LIU Yuqiang;CHANG Huilin;MA Cheng;WANG Jingze;LIU Lichao;MEN Longnan;DONG Xiaohui;WANG Cuiling;DAI Changjun;BAI Rui;GU Yingnan;ZHANG Hongtian;NIE Shoujun(Suihua Branch,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Suihua,Heilongjiang 152000,China;Institute of Agricultural Product Quality and Safety,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin 150028,China;Institute of Agricultural Remote Sensing and Information,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin 150028,China;Beidahuang Kenfeng(Harbin)Agricultural Technology Co.,Ltd.,Harbin 150400,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院绥化分院,黑龙江绥化152000 [2]黑龙江省农业科学院农产品质量安全研究所,哈尔滨150028 [3]黑龙江省农业科学院农业遥感与信息研究所,哈尔滨150028 [4]北大荒垦丰农业科技有限公司,哈尔滨150400

出　　处：《中国稻米》2024年第4期33-36,42,共5页China Rice

基　　金：黑龙江省省属科研院所科研业务费项目“寒地优质香粳型水稻核心种质创制与利用”(CZKYF2022-1-A003);黑龙江省农业科技创新跨越工程农业科技基础创新优青项目(CX22YQ25);黑龙江省水稻现代农业产业技术协同创新推广体系;黑龙江省农业科学院绥化分院科技创新项目(SHFY2022-01);政府间国际科技创新合作“优质粳稻提质减损关键技术研究与示范”(2022YFE0117800-4);黑龙江省农业科技创新跨越工程重大需求科技创新科技攻关项目“中晚熟优质高产广适水稻新品种选育推广与产业化开发”(CX23ZD02)。

摘　　要：近年来,黑龙江省水稻品种选育取得重要进展,绥粳18、龙粳31、绥粳27等品种推广面积多次位列全国常规稻第一;创新了多项育种新理论和方法,“水稻遗传资源的创制和保护”成果获“国家科技进步奖”一等奖,“寒地早粳稻优质高产多抗龙粳新品种选育及应用”成果获“国家科技进步奖”二等奖。但与国外或国内其他一些省份相比,黑龙江省水稻品种选育手段比较单一、选择效率较低,在基因编辑、全基因组选择、分子设计和人工智能育种等新兴领域创新仍不足。最后提出了黑龙江省水稻品种选育的方向和对策。In recent years,significant progress has been made in the rice varieties breeding in Heilongjiang Province.The promotion area of varieties such as Suijing 18,Longjing 31,and Suijing 27 has repeatedly ranked first among conventional rice varieties in China.A number of new breeding theories and methods were innovated.The“Creation and protection of Rice Genetic Resources”project won the first prize of the“National Science and Technology Progress Award”,the“Breeding and Application of New Early Longjing Japonica Rice Varieties with Good Quality,High Yield and Multi-resistance in cold region”project won the second prize of“National Science and Technology Progress Award”.However,compared with abroad or some other provinces domestically,the rice varieties breeding methods in Heilongjiang Province were relatively single and the selection efficiency was low,innovation in emerging fields such as gene editing,whole genome selection,molecular design,and artificial intelligence breeding was still insufficient.Finally,the article provided the direction and strategies for rice variety breeding in Heilongjiang Province.

关 键 词：水稻 遗传育种 黑龙江 

分 类 号：S511.03[农业科学—作物学]