基于脊髓小胶质细胞极化的针刺镇痛机制探讨  

Exploration of Acupuncture Analgesic Mechanism Based on Spinal Microglial Cell Polarization

作　　者：苏枫雅 苑功名 李佩云 殷建朝 公一囡 徐媛[1,2,3] 郭永明 SU Fengya;YUAN Gongming;LI Peiyun;YIN Jianchao;GONG Yinan;XU Yuan;GUO Yongming(Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Tianjin 301617,China;Tianjin Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine Theory of Innovation and Application,Tianjin 301617,China;National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion,Tianjin 301617,China)

机构地区：[1]天津中医药大学,天津301617 [2]天津市现代中医理论创新转化重点实验室,天津301617 [3]国家针灸临床医学研究中心,天津301617

出　　处：《针灸临床杂志》2024年第7期1-6,共6页Journal of Clinical Acupuncture and Moxibustion

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目,编号:82274649;国家自然科学基金青年项目,编号:82004473、82205279。

摘　　要：脊髓在疼痛中能够传递、感知和调节伤害性信息,是将疼痛信息由外周传入大脑的枢纽。脊髓中的小胶质细胞是一类具有免疫和调节功能的非神经元细胞,它们在疼痛过程中可以被激活,发生与巨噬细胞极化相似的活化反应。这种极化过程可以促使小胶质细胞释放多种神经递质和细胞因子,从而参与神经炎症和疼痛感知,介导疼痛的发生和维持。针刺是良好的镇痛疗法,脊髓是针刺镇痛机制研究的重要部位。研究表明,针刺能够调节脊髓小胶质细胞极化,对活跃状态的M1型以及抑制状态的M2型产生影响,减轻神经炎症,缓解中枢敏化。本研究梳理针刺调节脊髓小胶质细胞极化发挥镇痛的机制,为针刺镇痛机制研究提供依据。The spinal cord serves as a hub for transmitting,perceiving and modulating nociceptive information in pain.Spinal cord microglia,a type of non-neuronal cell with immune and regulatory functions,can be activated during pain processes,exhibiting activation responses similar to marcrophage polarization.This polarization process can promote microglia to release various neurotransmitters and cytokines,thereby participating in neuroinflammation and pain perception,contributing to the occurrence and maintenance of pain.Acupuncture is an effective analgesic therapy,and the spinal cord is an important component in research on the mechanism of acupuncture analgesia.Research has shown that acupuncture can modulate the polarization of spinal cord microglia,affect both the active M1 type and the inhibitory M2 type,thus reducing neuroinflammation,and alleviating central sensitization.This study reviewed the mechanism by which acupuncture regulates the polarization of spinal cord microglia to exert analgesic effects,thus to provide basis for future studies on acupuncture analgesia.

关 键 词：疼痛 脊髓 小胶质细胞极化 针刺镇痛 

分 类 号：R246.6[医药卫生—针灸推拿学]