废旧线路板综合回收利用技术研究进展  

Research Advance in Comprehensive Recovery Technology of Valuable Components from Waste Printed Circuit Boards

作　　者：柳林[1,2,3,4] 刘红召 王威[1,2,3,4] 王洪亮 王科[1,2,3,4] LIU Lin;LIU Hongzhao;WANG Wei;WANG Hongliang;WANG Ke(Zhengzhou Institute of Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources;China National Engineering Research Center for Utilization of Industrial Minerals;Key Laboratory for Polymetallic Ores′Evaluation and Utilization,MNR;Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization of Gold Resource in Henan Province)

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院郑州矿产综合利用研究所,河南省郑州市450006 [2]国家非金属矿资源综合利用工程技术研究中心 [3]自然资源部多金属矿综合利用评价重点实验室 [4]河南省黄金资源综合利用重点实验室

出　　处：《现代矿业》2024年第6期203-208,214,共7页Modern Mining

基　　金：河南省科技攻关项目(编号:232102321137)。

摘　　要：为了提高电子固体废弃物等二次资源综合利用水平,针对目前废旧线路板存量大,增速快的特点,以及暴力拆解、强酸浸出、污染严重、回收率低等问题,对其物理分选、火法处理、湿法处理等技术手段进行了综述,并分析了不同工艺技术优缺点。最后指出,废旧线路板等电子固废应当在高效拆解的基础上,使不同组分最大限度解离,再通过火法处理手段利用其中有机组分,通过湿法处理技术回收其中有价金属,最终实现全组分回收以及过程中使用的药剂都循环利用的目的。废旧线路板综合利用未来可在热解设备、新型萃取剂研发等方面进行更加深入的研究。In order to improve the comprehensive utilization level of secondary resources such as elec⁃tronic solid waste,and solve the problems of violent dismantling,acid leaching,severe pollution,low re⁃covery rate on waste printed circuit boards with characteristics of large inventory and fast growth rate.Re⁃views were conducted on the technologies of physical sorting,pyrometallurgical treatment,and wet treat⁃ment,also the advantages and disadvantages of different process technologies were analyzed.Finally,it was pointed out that electronic solid waste such as waste printed circuit boards should be efficiently disassem⁃bled to maximize the dissociation of different components,and then the organic components should be uti⁃lized through pyrometallurgical treatment.Valuable metals could be recovered through wet treatment tech⁃nology,ultimately achieving the goal of full component recovery and the recycling of chemicals used in the process.The comprehensive utilization of waste printed circuit boards can be further studied in areas such as pyrolysis equipment and the development of new extractants in the future.

关 键 词：废旧线路板 有价组分回收 物理分选 火法处理 湿法处理 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]