2022年后汛期长江口严重咸潮空间分布特征分析  

Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Serious Saltwater Intrusion of Yangtze River Estuary in Post-flood Season of 2022

作　　者：乔红杰 王金华[2] 张志林 卜东平 QIAO Hong-jie;WANG Jin-hua;ZHANG Zhi-lin;BU Dong-ping(Yangtze River Estuary Investigation Bureau of Hydrology and Water Resources,Changjiang Water Resources Commission,Shanghai 200136,China;Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute,Nanjing 210029,China;Pudong New District River Management Affairs Center,Shanghai 201200,China)

机构地区：[1]长江水利委员会水文局长江口水文水资源勘测局,上海200136 [2]南京水利科学研究院,江苏南京210029 [3]上海市浦东新区河道管理事务中心,上海201200

出　　处：《水电能源科学》2024年第7期68-72,共5页Water Resources and Power

基　　金：上海市水务局科研项目(沪水科2023-06);国家自然科学基金面上项目(42076174);长江水利委员会水文局科技创新基金项目(SWJ-CJX23Z06)。

摘　　要：2022年长江流域出现“汛期反枯”现象,9月长江口河段遭遇了历史罕见的咸潮入侵,对长江口沿江水源地造成严重威胁。为研究2022年后汛期(9~10月)长江口严重咸潮入侵的空间分布,掌握咸潮上溯的最上游位置,基于2022年9~11月长期站实测资料和咸潮应急监测资料及历年实测水文资料,定量分析了长江口咸潮的横向、纵向及垂向分布,结合FVCOM盐度数值模型进行模拟。结果显示,北港水域盐度底表层差异显著,底表层盐度比值平均为25;咸潮最严重时,影响到徐六泾节点段,最上游到达苏通大桥上游约1.0 km。研究结果对长江口应急水源地的规划选址具有指导意义。In 2022,it experienced a phenomenon of"flood season back dry"in the Yangtze River basin.The Yangtze River estuary was encountered by historic saltwater intrusion in September,and the water source along the Yangtze River estuary has been seriously affected.To study the spatial distribution characteristics and master the location of the upper reaches of the saltwater intrusion in post-flood season(Sep.-Oct.)of 2022,based on the salinity data of long-term station of Yangtze River Estuary from September to November 2022,and the salinity data of special emergency monitoring data during saltwater intrusion and historical measured hydrological data,the horizontal,downstream along the river and vertical distribution of saltwater intrusion in the Yangtze Estuary were quantitatively analyzed by combining the FVCOM numerical salinity model.The results show that there is a significant gradient change of salinity at south branch,the average salinity ratio of the bottom layer and surface layer is 25;When the saltwater intrusion was at the worst,it affected Xuliujing reach;Saltwater appeared in the upper reaches of Sutong Bridge about 1.0 km.The search result has guiding significance to the site selection of emergency water source in the Yangtze River Estuary.

关 键 词：长江口 咸潮入侵 盐度 数值模型 空间分布 

分 类 号：TV143[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学] P343.5[天文地球—水文科学]