花岗岩板双基火药切槽爆破破坏过程研究  

Damage Process of Double Base Propellant Grooved Blasting on Granite Slab

作　　者：王多良 李洪伟[1] 梁昊[1] 李世影 吴延梦 赵静 李纯志 肖忠良 WANG Duoliang;LI Hongwei;LIANG Hao;LI Shiying;WU Yanmeng;ZHAO Jing;LI Chunzhi;XIAO Zhongliang(School of Chemical and Blasting Engineering,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan 232001,Anhui,China;School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,Jiangsu,China;Luzhou North Chemical Industries Co.,Ltd.,Luzhou 646003,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学化工与爆破学院,安徽淮南232001 [2]南京理工大学化学与化工学院,江苏南京210094 [3]泸州北方化学工业有限公司,四川泸州646003

出　　处：《高压物理学报》2024年第4期164-174,共11页Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics

基　　金：安徽高校自然科学研究项目(2022yjrc17)。

摘　　要：针对目前炸药切槽爆破存在非切槽方向上岩石破坏的问题,研究了双基火药切槽爆破特性。基于火药燃气释放规律,计算了双基火药被激发后密闭炮孔内的压力变化情况。结合高速摄影和数字图像相关(digital image correlation,DIC)方法,开展了炮孔的火药装填密度分别为0.84和0.96 g/cm^(3)的2组实验,探究了火药作用下花岗岩板的动态破坏过程。结果表明:火药点火后,2组实验中花岗岩板均在100μs时沿切槽方向起裂,200μs时裂纹贯穿石板;当装填密度为0.96 g/cm^(3)时,试件在断裂后上下石板分离速度较大,在封堵橡胶的摩擦力和试件惯性的共同作用下,2500μs时上下石板被横向拉裂,裂纹沿垂直方向。炮孔预制切槽为火药燃气的气楔作用提供了空间,很好地引导裂纹的扩展,孔壁周围没有形成压碎区。双基火药燃烧产生的准静态压力是裂纹起裂、扩展的主要动力。研究结果为双基火药在岩体定向爆破上的应用提供了参考。Aiming at the current groove blasting problems of additional damage,the feasibility of double base propellant for groove blasting was explored.Based on the propellant gas release behavior,the pressure change of the double base propellant in the closed hole was calculated.Combined with high-speed photography and digital image correlation(DIC)method,two groups of experiments were carried out with propellant loading density of 0.84 and 0.96 g/cm^(3) to investigate the dynmic destruction process of granite slabs under the action of propellant.The results show that the granite slabs in the two groups of experiments were cracked along the groove direction at 100μs after ignition,and the cracks penetrated through the slabs at 200μs;the specimen with a charge density of 0.96 g/cm^(3) had a larger separation speed between the upper and lower slabs after fracture,and the upper and lower slabs were cracked by the friction of the blocking rubber and the inertia of the specimen,and the cracks were in the vertical direction at 2500μs.The grooves around the blast hole provide space for the effect of the propellant gas,and the grooves can effectively guide the direction of crack propagation,no crushing zone formed around the hole wall.The quasi-static pressure generated by the combustion of double-base propellant is the main driving force for crack initiation and propagation.The experimental results have some implications for the use of double base propellant in controlled rock blasting projects.

关 键 词：切槽爆破 岩石断裂 双基火药 动态破坏过程 数字图像相关法 

分 类 号：O346.1[理学—固体力学] TJ562[理学—力学]