海南地区无偿献血者感染性标志物核酸筛查阳性人群特征分析  

Characteristics of NAT+blood donors screened for transfusion-transmitted infectious markers in Hainan

作　　者：张用丽 韩慧[1] ZHANG Yongli;HAN Hui(Hainan Provincial Blood Center,Haikou 570311,China)

机构地区：[1]海南省血液中心,海南海口570311

出　　处：《中国输血杂志》2024年第7期802-806,共5页Chinese Journal of Blood Transfusion

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金面上项目(820MS160)。

摘　　要：目的分析海南地区无偿献血者输血传播感染性标志物ELISA阴性/NAT阳性人群的流行病学特征,为制定合理的血液筛查策略提供参考依据。方法对2012—2022年海南地区无偿献血者的1161042份血液标本输血传播疾病标志物筛查结果进行回顾性分析,所有标本均已经过2遍ELISA检测和1遍NAT,运用统计学方法分析无偿献血者的ELISA阴性/NAT阳性(ELISA-/NAT+)比例,以及与性别、年龄、民族、献血区域等因素之间的关系。结果2012—2022年海南地区无偿献血者ELISA-/NAT+总体占比为0.19%(2151/1161042),不同年份之间存在差异(P<0.05);HBV DNA为0.10%,HCV RNA为0.0003%,HIV RNA为0.0004%,NDR为0.09%。无偿献血者ELISA-/NAT+率在不同年龄段之间有差异,随着年龄增加逐步上升(P<0.05);男性献血者ELISA-/NAT+率(0.22%,1729/795032)高于女性献血者(0.12%,422/366010)(P<0.05);汉族无偿献血者ELISA-/NAT+率低于黎族和苗族献血者(P<0.05);无偿献血者ELISA-/NAT+率在不同区域之间也有差异,其中以东部区域最高,为0.32%(301/94046),其次是西部地区,为0.30%(341/113783),南部区域和北部区域均为0.16%(P<0.05)。结论海南地区无偿献血者ELISA-/NAT+率呈波动起伏,且与年龄、性别、民族和所属区域等因素相关。Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics of voluntary blood donors with enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay(ELISA)negative and nucleic acid testing(NAT)positive in Hainan from 2012 to 2022,so as to provide reference for developing rational blood screening strategies.Methods The screening results for transfusion-transmitted disease markers in 1161042 blood samples in Hainan from 2012 to 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.All samples have been measured twice by ELISA and once by NAT.Statistical methods were used to analyze the proportion of ELISA negative and NAT positive(ELISA-/NAT+)among voluntary blood donors and its relation with factors including gender,age,ethnicity and region.Results Among the voluntary blood donors in Hainan from 2012 to 2022,the overall proportion of ELISA-/NAT+was 0.19%(2151/1161042),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The ELISA-/NAT+rate in hepatitis B virus(HBV)DNA,hepatitis C virus(HCV)RNA,human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)RNA and non-discriminating reactive(NDR)was 0.10%,0.0003%,0.0004%and 0.09%respectively.The ELISA-/NAT+rate of voluntary blood donors varied among different age groups and gradually increased with age(P<0.05).The ELISA-/NAT+rate of male donors(0.22%,1729/795032)was significantly higher than that of female donors(0.12%,422/366010,P<0.05).The ELISA-/NAT+rate of Han blood donors was significantly lower than that of Li and Miao blood donors(P<0.05).The ELISA-/NAT+rate was the highest of 0.32%(301/94046)in the eastern region,followed by 0.30%(341/113783)in western region,and 0.16%in both southern and northern region,which also presented a significant difference(P<0.05).Conclusion The ELISA-/NAT+rate of voluntary blood donors in Hainan fluctuated from 2012 to 2022,which was related to factors such as age,gender,ethnicity and region.

关 键 词：ELISA-/NAT+ 无偿献血者 人群特征 海南地区 

分 类 号：R457.1[医药卫生—治疗学] R446.6[医药卫生—临床医学] R512.62R512.63R512.91