自恋研究的路线与整合:动力、调控与人格特征  

Narcissism research approaches and integration:Dynamics,regulation,and personality characteristics

作　　者：康廷虎[1] 赵静[1,2] KANG Tinghu;ZHAO Jing(School of Psychology,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou 730070,China;School of Primary Education,Longnan Teachers College,Longnan 742500,China)

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学心理学院,兰州730070 [2]陇南师范高等专科学校初等教育学院,甘肃陇南742500

出　　处：《心理科学进展》2024年第8期1354-1365,共12页Advances in Psychological Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金“十四五”规划2021年度教育学一般课题(项目号:BBA210041)。

摘　　要：自恋是一个“既令人熟悉又令人费解”的概念。它既被认为是一种具有个体差异性的人格特征,也被定义为个体维护自我积极形象的能力。临床心理学和人格与社会心理学领域内对自恋内涵、结构的研究取得了新的进展,提出了夸大自恋和脆弱自恋两大主题,发展了以特权与对抗为中心特征,夸大与外向、脆弱与神经质为表型特征的三叉结构。但是正常自恋与病理自恋的关系是怎样的?脆弱自恋的本质是什么?自恋的核心是什么?自恋的三叉结构模型并不能明确回应上述问题。回顾自恋概念的缘起,并以整合的视角梳理临床心理学和人格与社会心理学领域内的研究路线,提出包含自恋动力、自恋调控和自恋人格特征的三系统整合模型,可以为未来研究深入探讨三个系统之间的关系,以及自恋调控的情境因素、自恋特征的纵向发展等提供启示。Psychological researchers believe that narcissism is a concept that is both familiar and puzzling.It is considered a personality characteristic with individual differences and is also defined as a person’s ability to maintain a positive self-image.The fields of clinical psychology and social/personality psychology have made new advances in understanding the meaning and structure of narcissism.Two themes of grandiose narcissism and vulnerable narcissism have been proposed,and several trifurcated models with entitlement/antagonism as the core feature,grandiosity/extroversion and vulnerability/neuroticism as the respective phenotypic features had been developed.However,what is the relationship between normal and pathological narcissism?What is the nature of vulnerable narcissism?What is at the core of narcissism?The existing trifurcated structural models of narcissism do not address these questions.This study proposes a three-system integration model consisting of a narcissistic dynamic system,personality characteristics system,and regulatory system.In future research,based on the three-system integration model of narcissism,experimental methods,longitudinal tracking techniques,and neuroscientific approaches can be employed to explore the individual differences in narcissism regulation,neural mechanisms,and developmental changes in narcissistic traits.

关 键 词：夸大自恋 脆弱自恋 病理自恋 自恋三叉结构 

分 类 号：B848[哲学宗教—心理学]