村社统筹的土地细碎化治理:机制与效益——以安徽“小田变大田”为例  

Fragmented Land Management Coordinated by Village Communities:Mechanism and Benefits——Taking“Small Fields Turning into Big Fields”in Anhui Province as an Example

作　　者：郑佳鑫 ZHENG Jiaxin

机构地区：[1]武汉大学社会学院,武汉430072

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第4期99-109,共11页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“农业生产社会化服务与小农户的组织机制研究”(23BSH068)。

摘　　要：单一的土地细碎化治理方式难以解决土地细碎化问题,结合高标准农田建设项目实现“小田并大田”的地方实践提供了治理机制融合的契机。实地调查发现,从村社统筹的视角出发,村社集体由于具有政经社合一的属性,在发挥自组织优势的基础上整合了行政机制和市场机制,是三位一体治理机制的承接载体。在具体实践中,村社集体能够实施土地整治项目、实现土地产权整合并有序流转土地经营权。统筹治理的机制在于村社集体通过整合地方政府的治理资源激活自组织,在发挥自组织动员能力的基础上改进行政机制的不足并降低市场主体的交易成本,使三种机制在实践中能够取长补短。村社统筹的土地细碎化治理有助于推动农业现代化转型以及提高乡村治理能力。因此,在土地细碎化治理的融合机制探索中,应充分重视村社集体在土地细碎化治理中的统筹功能,同时发挥政府的基础性作用和市场的资源配置作用。The challenge of land fragmentation cannot be adequately addressed by a monolithic governance mechanism.However,the local initiative of“consolidating small plots into large plots”in conjunction with high-standard farmland construction projects offers an opportunity for the integration of governance mechanisms.Field research indicates that from the standpoint of village coordination,the village collective can amalgamate administrative and market mechanisms leveraging its self-organizational advantages,thereby serving as a carrier for a tripartite governance mechanism due to its amalgamation of political,economic,and social functions.In concrete terms,village collectives can execute land consolidation projects,resolve fragmentation of land property rights,and facilitate the orderly transfer of land management rights.The overarching governance mechanism operates by the village collective activating self-organization to integrate governance resources provided by local governments,thus compensating for the deficiencies of the administrative mechanism and reducing the transaction costs for market entities.This approach allows the three mechanisms to complement each other's strengths and mitigate weaknesses in practical application.The comprehensive planning of land fragmentation management by village communities can catalyze the transition towards agricultural modernization and enhance rural governance capacities.Hence,in the quest to integrate mechanisms for governing land fragmentation,due regard should be given to the coordinating function of village collectives in land fragmentation governance,while simultaneously harnessing the foundational role of the government and the resource allocation function of the market.

关 键 词：土地细碎化 高标准农田建设 村社统筹 多元主体 治理机制 

分 类 号：C912.82[经济管理] F321.1[社会学]