孕乳期砷暴露对大鼠子代神经行为的影响  

Effects of arsenic exposure during pregnancy and lactation on the neurobehavior of rat offspring

作　　者：田瑞婷 孙红光 申晨晨 李安然 马艳[1] TIAN Ruiting;SUN Hongguang;SHEN Chenchen;LI Anran;MA Yan(School of Public Health,Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi Xinjiang,830011,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学公共卫生学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《职业与健康》2024年第10期1308-1313,共6页Occupation and Health

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区研究生创新项目(XJ2023G189)。

摘　　要：目的探讨孕乳期饮水砷暴露对SD大鼠子代(简称子鼠)神经行为的影响。方法SPF级8周龄SD大鼠6只,按雌和雄2∶1合笼,随机分为4组。子鼠出生后延续母鼠分组,同一剂量组按随机原则每窝选取子鼠数10只,以母体亚砷酸钠(NaAsO2)半数致死量(half-lethal dose,LD50)的1/80、1/20、1/5确定剂量为0.5、2.0、8.0 mg/kg。从妊娠第0天(gestation day 0,GD 0)至子鼠出生后第21天(postnatal day 21,PND 21)经自由饮水染砷42 d,对照组(0 mg/kg)正常饮水。染砷结束时子鼠进行旷场实验、Morris水迷宫实验;取子鼠脑组织进行HE、尼氏染色观察神经细胞的病理变化。结果与对照组相比,孕乳期砷暴露组子鼠活动总路程减少,平均速度降低,活动次数增加(均P<0.05);定位航行训练的第2天和第4天,高剂量组潜伏期延长(P<0.05);训练第5天,中剂量组和高剂量组潜伏期均延长(均P<0.05);空间探索实验中剂量组和高剂量组有效区域运动距离减少,运动时间和逃逸平台滞留时间缩短(均P<0.05)。HE染色和尼氏染色结果显示,脑组织中神经细胞排列松散,间隙增宽;尼氏小体数量减少,部分呈现空泡变性。结论孕乳期饮水砷暴露致子鼠的自主探究活动减少,自主运动能力及学习记忆能力减弱。Objective To explore the effects of exposure to arsenic in drinking water during pregnancy and lactation on the neurobehavior of SD rat offspring(referred to as offspring).Methods Totally 6 SPF grade 8-weeks-old SD rats were caged in a female:male ratio of 2:1 and randomly divided into 4 groups.After birth,the offspring were further grouped into mother rats.The same dose group selected 10 offspring rats from each litter based on a random principle.The doses of 0.5,2.0,and 8.0 mg/kg were determined based on 1/80,1/20 and 1/5 of the half lethal dose(LDso)of the maternal sodium arsenite(NaAsO2).From gestation day O(GD O)to postnatal day 21(PND 21),rats were exposed to arsenic through free drinking water for 42 days,and the control group(O mg/kg)drank normal water.At the end of the arsenic exposure,the offspring rats were subjected to open field experiments and Morris water maze tests.The brain tissues of the offspring rats were taken for HE and Nissl staining to observe the pathological changes of nerve cells.Results Compared with the control group,the total distance traveled by rats in the arsenic exposure group during pregnancy and lactation was reduced,the average speed was reduced,and the number of activities was increased(all P<0.05).On the 2nd and 4th days of positioning and navigation training,the incubation period of the high-dose group was prolonged(P<0.05).On the 5th day of training,the latency period of both the medium-dose group and the high-dose group was prolonged(both P<0.05).In the space exploration experiment,the effective area movement distance,movement time and escape platform retention time of the medium-dose group and high-dose group were shortened(all P<0.05).HE staining and Nissl staining results showed that nerve cells in the brain tissue were loosely arranged and the gaps were widened,the number of Nissl bodies was reduced,and some showed vacuolar degeneration.Conclusion Exposure to arsenic in drinking water during pregnancy and lactation leads to a decrease in autonomous exploration activit

关 键 词：砷 神经发育 学习记忆 

分 类 号：R114[医药卫生—卫生毒理学]