富铈钕铁硼废料氧化焙烧-盐酸高温选择性浸出稀土研究  

Study on Rare Earth Selective Leaching from Cerium-rich NdFeB Waste by Oxidation Roasting with Hydrochloric Acid at High Temperature

作　　者：唐家悦 辛文彬 姜银举[1,2] 李宇航 邓永春 梁雨雨[1,2] TANG Jia-yue;XIN Wen-bin;JIANC Yinjiu;LI Yu-hang;DENG Yong-chun;LIANG Yu-yu(School of Rare Earth Industry,Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology,Baotou 014000,China;Key Laboratory of Green Extraction&Efficient Utilization of Light Rare-Earth Resources(Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology),Ministry of Education,Baotou 014010,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古科技大学稀土产业学院,内蒙古包头014000 [2]轻稀土资源绿色提取与高效利用教育部重点实验室,内蒙古包头014010

出　　处：《稀土》2024年第3期71-77,I0004,共8页Chinese Rare Earths

基　　金：内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2020MS05009,2024MS05004);内蒙古自治区高等学校“青年科技英才支持计划”项目(NJYT-20-B27)。

摘　　要：针对富铈钕铁硼废料中变价元素铈含量高的特点,采用氧化焙烧-盐酸优溶法回收富铈钕铁硼废料中的稀土,研究了废料高温焙烧物相变化及盐酸浸出条件。氧化焙烧料的XRD分析结果表明,800℃焙烧温度下其物相组成主要为Fe_(2)O_(3)、GdFeO_(3)、NdBO_(3)和CeO_(2);盐酸高温浸出结果表明,当浸出温度110℃、时间30 min、盐酸用量(不计算CeO_(2))为理论量的1.30倍、盐酸浓度为10%(质量分数)时,稀土最高浸出率为74.65%,滤渣主要物相组成为Fe_(2)O_(3)与CeO_(2),氯化稀土浸出液中有少量铈。盐酸高温还原浸出结果表明,通过添加FeCl2还原剂,在同样的浸出条件下,氧化料中四价铈被还原为三价进入浸出液,稀土的浸出率可达95.88%。According to the characteristics of high cerium content in cerium-rich NdFeB waste,the rare earth in NdFeB waste was recovered by oxidation roasting-hydrochloric acid solution method,and the phase change of the waste high-temperature roasting and the hydrochloric acid leaching conditions were studied.The XRD analysis results of the oxidized calcined material shows that the phase composition of the oxidized calcined material is mainly Fe_(2)O_(3),GdFeO_(3),NdBO_(3) and CeO_(2) at the calcination temperature of 800℃;The results of hydrochloric acid high temperature leaching show that when the leaching temperature is 110℃,the time is 30 min,the amount of hydrochloric acid(excluding CeO_(2))is 1.30 times the theoretical amount,and the concentration of hydrochloric acid is 10wt%,the maximum leaching rate of rare earth is 74.65%,and the main phase composition of the filter residue is Fe_(2)O_(3) and CeO_(2),there is a small amount of cerium in the leaching solution of rare earth chloride;The results of hydrochloric acid high-temperature reduction leaching show that by adding FeCl_(2) reducing agent,under the same leaching conditions,the tetravalent cerium in the oxide material is reduced to trivalent and enters the leaching solution,and the leaching rate of rare earth can reach 95.88%.

关 键 词：富铈钕铁硼 氧化焙烧 稀土回收 盐酸浸出 FeCl_(2) 

分 类 号：TF845[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]