活性炭滤池对三氯甲烷的吸附、解吸与微生物作用  

Activated Carbon Filter for Adsorption and Desorption of Trichloromethane and Its Microbial Effects

作　　者：张静 田雨 齐天天 温颖 汪洋 柴文 ZHANG Jing;TIAN Yu;QI Tian-tian;WEN Ying;WANG Yang;CHAI Wen(Beijing Engineering Research Center for Drinking Water Quality,Technology Institute of Beijing Waterworks Group Co.Ltd.,Beijing 100012,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市自来水集团有限责任公司技术研究院北京市供水水质工程技术研究中心,北京100012

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2024年第13期43-48,共6页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3200904)。

摘　　要：明确活性炭滤池对三氯甲烷的作用,有利于水厂控制出厂水三氯甲烷浓度。通过运行炭滤池中试系统,结合气洗+气水联合反冲洗方式分析炭滤池对三氯甲烷的吸附和解吸作用;并通过测定藻类、细菌和溶解性有机物的消毒副产物生成势判断炭滤池对三氯甲烷前体物的作用。结果表明,炭滤池中活性炭对预氯化生成的三氯甲烷有吸附和解吸作用,经过反洗后,活性炭对三氯甲烷的吸附作用在1 d内趋近于饱和,但当进水三氯甲烷浓度较低时,吸附饱和的活性炭可迅速解吸,使炭滤池出水中的三氯甲烷浓度升高。此外,藻类和细菌对消毒副产物生成势贡献很小,且活性炭对三氯甲烷前体物也有显著的吸附作用,因此恢复炭滤池的吸附能力有利于控制水厂出厂水三氯甲烷浓度。Clarifying the impact of activated carbon filter(ACF) on trichloromethane(TCM) is beneficial for waterworks to control the effluent TCM concentration.The pilot ACF system combined with gas and gas-water backwashing was utilized to analyze the adsorption and desorption of TCM.The impact of ACF on TCM precursors was assessed by measuring the fromation potential of disinfection by-products from algae,bacteria,and dissolved organic matters.The activated carbon in the ACF exhibited adsorption and desorption effects on the TCM generated by pre-chlorination.Following backwashing,the adsorption capacity of activated carbon for TCM tended to reach saturation within 1 day.However,the saturated activated carbon could rapidly release TCM when the influent TCM concentration is low.This led to an increase in the effluent TCM concentration from the ACF.Furthermore,algae and bacteria made minimal contributions to the formation potential of disinfection by-products.Additionally,activated carbon exhibited a significant adsorption effect on TCM precursors.Therefore,restoring the adsorption capacity of ACF was beneficial for controlling effluent TCM concentration from waterworks.

关 键 词：供水厂 活性炭滤池 三氯甲烷 吸附 解吸 微生物作用 

分 类 号：TU991[建筑科学—市政工程]