蜜薯茎尖脱毒快繁体系优化与脱毒效果的研究  

Study on the optimization of rapid propagation system and the effect of detoxification of sweet potato stem tip

作　　者：魏良文 段芝娜 李丹丹 韦小飞 金青[1] 刘林 WEI Liangwen;DUAN Zhina;LI Dandan;WEI Xiaofei;JIN Qing;LIU Lin(School of Life Sciences,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036;Anhui Jianghuai Horticultural Seed Industry Co.,Ltd.,Hefei 230031)

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学生命科学学院,合肥230036 [2]安徽省江淮园艺种业有限公司,合肥230031

出　　处：《安徽农业大学学报》2024年第3期404-410,共7页Journal of Anhui Agricultural University

基　　金：安徽省特色农业产业技术体系“十四五”专项资助。

摘　　要：针对蜜薯病毒病严重的问题,对蜜薯进行茎尖脱毒,研究不同消毒剂与消毒时间对蜜薯外植体消毒效果和脱毒率的影响。通过RT-PCR技术检测蜜薯苗所带病毒种类;针对检测出的病毒进行茎尖脱毒处理,研究不同消毒剂与消毒时间对蜜薯外植体消毒效果的影响;通过正交试验研究6-BA、NAA、GA_(3)和IAA激素浓度配比对茎尖诱导及根诱导的影响,以此优化蜜薯快繁体系;最后,用RT-PCR检测茎尖脱毒效果。结果表明:蜜薯病毒初检发现,蜜薯中主要携带SPVG、SPFMV和SPCSV 3种病毒,其中SPVG带毒率最高;茎尖诱导适宜的外植体消毒方式为:70%酒精清洗45 s,再用0.1%升汞溶液浸泡7~8 min;茎尖诱导适宜的培养基选择为:MS+1.0 mg·L^(–1)6-BA+0.1 mg·L^(–1)NAA+1.0 mg·L^(–1)GA_(3),生根诱导最适宜培养基为1/2 MS+0.1 mg·L^(–1)NAA+0.1 mg·L^(–1)IAA。经茎尖脱毒后SPFMV脱除效果最好,脱毒率为100%,SPVG次之,SPCSV脱除效果最差,仅降低了约3.33%。To solve the problem of sweet potato virus disease,detoxification of sweet potato was carried out by means of stem tip detoxification,and the effects of different disinfectants and disinfection time on the disinfection effect and virus-free rate of sweet potato explant were studied.The virus species carried by the sweet potato seedlings were detected by RT-PCR;the virus detected was deviralized by stem tip culture,and the effects of different disinfectants and disinfection time on the disinfection effect of sweet potato explants were conducted;additionally,to optimize the rapid propagation system of sweet potato,the effects of different hormone concentration on shoot apex induction and root induction were explored by a orthogonal experiment;finally,the detoxification effect of stem tip was detected by RT-PCR.As results,the primary detection of sweet potato virus showed that sweet potato mainly carried SPVG,SPFMV and SPCSV viruses,among which SPVG carried the highest virus rate;the appropriate disinfection method for stem tip induction of explants was:70%alcohol for 45 s,and then immersed in 0.1%Hg solution for 7–8 min;the optimal medium for stem tip induction was MS+1.0 mg·L^(–1)6-BA+0.1 mg·L^(–1) NAA+1.0 mg·L^(–1)GA_(3),and the optimal medium for the root induction was 1/2 MS+0.1 mg·L^(–1) NAA+0.1 mg·L^(–1) IAA.After shoot tip detoxification,SPFMV had the best detoxification rate(100%),followed by SPVG,and SPCSV had the worst detoxification rate(about 3.33%).

关 键 词：蜜薯 茎尖脱毒 病毒检测 快繁 分生组织培养 

分 类 号：S531[农业科学—作物学] Q943.1[生物学—植物学]