退火工艺对Ti-Ni-V形状记忆合金相变和形变行为的影响  

Effect of annealing process on phase transformation and deformation behavior of Ti-Ni-V shape memory alloy

作　　者：张伟[1] 贺志荣[1] 安明宇 ZHANG Wei;HE Zhi-rong;AN Ming-yu(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Shaanxi University of Technology,Hanzhong 723001,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西理工大学材料科学与工程学院,陕西汉中723001

出　　处：《材料热处理学报》2024年第7期60-68,共9页Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment

基　　金：陕西省教育厅科研项目(18JK0158);汉中市春光建材公司项目(H20220201);陕西省2023年大创项目(S202310720061)。

摘　　要：利用差示扫描量热仪和拉伸试验研究了400℃×10~120 min和500℃×10~120 min退火态Ti-50.8Ni-0.5V合金的相变行为、拉伸性能和形状记忆行为。结果表明:随退火温度和时间变化,合金的相变类型、R相变温度T_(R)和热滞ΔT_(R)、马氏体相变温度T_(M)和热滞ΔT_(M)、抗拉强度R_(m)、伸长率A、应力诱发马氏体相变临界应力σ_(M)、加载-卸载残余应变ε_(R)和能耗W_(D)的变化规律如下:400和500℃退火态Ti-50.8Ni-0.5V合金皆发生B2→R→B19’/B19’→R→B2(B2-母相,CsCl型结构;R-R相,菱方结构;B19’-马氏体相,单斜结构)型相变;T_(R)^(400℃)>T_(R)^(500℃),T_(M)^(500℃)>T_(M)^(400℃),ΔT_(M)^(400℃)>ΔT_(M)^(500℃)≥ΔT_(R)^(400℃)≈ΔT_(R)^(500℃)≈4℃;R_(m)^(400℃)>R_(m)^(500℃),A^(500℃)>A^(400℃);400℃退火态合金的超弹性(SE)稳定性高于500℃退火态合金。随退火时间延长,T_(R)^(400℃)、T_(R)^(500℃)、T_(M)^(400℃)和T_(M)^(500℃)升高,ΔT_(M)^(400℃)和ΔT_(M)^(500℃)减小,ΔT_(R)^(400℃)和ΔT_(R)^(500℃)在3.5~4.6℃之间变化;400℃退火态合金保持SE,500℃退火态合金由SE向SE+SME(形状记忆效应)转变;σ_(M)^(400℃)和σ_(M)^(500℃)降低;W_(D)^(400℃)和W_(D)^(500℃)增加;ε_(R)^(500℃)先降后升;ε_(R)^(400℃)在0.64%~1.36%之间变化。要使Ti-50.8Ni-0.5V合金获得较高的T_(R),可对其进行400℃退火;要使该合金获得较高的T_(M),可对其进行500℃退火;要使该合金在室温下获得超弹性,可对其进行400℃×10~120 min或500℃×10~60 min退火。The phase transformation behavior,tensile properties and shape memory behavior of the Ti-50.8Ni-0.5V alloy annealed at 400 ℃ for 10-120 min and at 500 ℃ for 10-120 min were studied by differential scanning calorimetry and tensile test.The results show that with the change of annealing temperature and time,the transformation type,R transformation temperature T_(R) and temperature hysteresis ΔT_R,martensitic transformation temperature T_(M) and temperature hysteresis ΔT_M,tensile strength R_m,elongation A,critical stress of stress inducing martensitic transformation σ_M,loading-unloading residual strain ε_(R) and energy consumption W_(D) of the alloy vary as follows:both 400 ℃ and 500 ℃ annealed Ti-50.8Ni-0.5V alloys undergo B2→R→B19′/B19′→R→B2(B2-parent phase,CsCl-type structure;R-R phase,rhombic structure;B19′-martensite phase,monoclinic structure) type phase transformation upon cooling/heating.T_R^(400 ℃)>T_R^(500 ℃),T_M^(500 ℃)>T_M^(400 ℃),ΔT_M^(400 ℃)>ΔT_M^(500 ℃)≥ΔT_R^(400 ℃)≈ΔT_R^(500 ℃)≈4 ℃;R_(m) ^(400 ℃)>R_(m) ^(500 ℃),A^(500 ℃)>A^(400 ℃).The superelasticity(SE) stability of 400 ℃ annealed alloy is higher than that of 500 ℃ annealed alloy.With the increase of annealing time,T_R^(400 ℃),T_R^(500 ℃),T_M^(400 ℃) and T_M^(500 ℃) increase,ΔT_M^(400 ℃) and ΔT_M^(500 ℃) decrease,ΔT_R^(400 ℃) and ΔT_R^(500 ℃) change in the range of 3.5-4.6 ℃;the 400 ℃ annealed alloy exhibits SE,while the 500 ℃ annealed alloy undergoes a transition from SE to SE+SME(shape memory effect);σ_M^(400 ℃) and σ_M^(500℃) decrease,W_D^(400 ℃) and W_D^(500 ℃)increase,ε_R^(500 ℃) decreases first and then increases,ε_R^(400 ℃) changes in the range of 0.64%-1.36%.The Ti-50.8Ni-0.5V alloy can be annealed at 400 ℃ to obtain a higher T_R,can be annealed at 500 ℃ to obtain a higher T_M,and can be annealed at 400 ℃ for 10-120 min or at 500 ℃ for 10-60 min to obtain SE at room temperature.

关 键 词：Ti-Ni-V合金 形状记忆合金 退火工艺 相变 形变 

分 类 号：TG139.6[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]