14种杀螨剂对家蚕的急性毒性与安全性评价  

Acute Toxicity and Safety Evaluation of 14 Acaricides on the Silkworm,Bombyx mori

作　　者：章恩婷 陈伟国 戴建忠 濮利罡 戎凤鸣 杨一平 孙海燕 ZHANG Enting;CHEN Weiguo;DAI Jianzhong;PU Ligang;RONG Fengming;YANG Yiping;SUN Haiyan(Haining City Economic Crops Technical Service Station,Jiaxing 314400 Zhejiang,China;Zhejiang Yayun Ecological Agriculture Co.,Jiaxing 314407 Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]海宁市经济作物技术服务站,浙江嘉兴314400 [2]浙江雅云生态农业有限公司,浙江嘉兴314407

出　　处：《蚕桑通报》2024年第1期37-40,共4页Bulletin of Sericulture

基　　金：浙江省“三农九方”科技协作计划项目(2022SNJF043);浙江省蚕桑产业团队技术项目(浙农科发〔2022〕10号)。

摘　　要：采用浸叶法测定了14种杀螨剂对家蚕的急性毒性,参照田间推荐浓度评价其对养蚕生产的风险性等级,并测定了对家蚕急性毒性大和风险性高的杀螨剂在桑叶上的残毒期。结果表明,200 g/L双甲脒乳油对家蚕的急性毒性为高毒(LC50为4.90 mg/L),对家蚕具有极高风险性;20%乙螨唑悬浮剂对家蚕高毒(LC50为11.36 mg/L),对家蚕具有高风险性;18%喹螨醚悬浮剂、73%炔螨特乳油、15%哒螨灵乳油、25%单甲脒盐酸盐水剂等4种杀螨剂对家蚕的急性毒性为低毒(LC50>200 mg/L),对家蚕具有中等风险性;5%噻螨酮乳油、20%苯丁锡悬浮剂、43%联苯肼酯悬浮剂、30%乙唑螨腈悬浮剂、20%丁氟螨酯悬浮剂、30%腈吡螨酯悬浮剂、29%螺螨酯悬浮剂、99%矿物油乳油等8种杀螨剂对家蚕低毒(LC50>200 mg/L),对家蚕具有低风险性。200 g/L双甲脒乳油1500倍稀释液(133.33 mg/L)和乙螨唑悬浮剂10000倍液(20.00 mg/L)在桑叶上的残毒期分别为>60 d和>40 d,18%喹螨醚悬浮剂1000倍液(180.00 mg/L)的残毒期9 d,73%炔螨特乳油2000倍液(365.00 mg/L)的残毒期5 d,25%单甲脒盐酸盐水剂1000倍液(250.00 mg/L)和15%哒螨灵乳油2000倍液(75.00 mg/L)的残毒期均为3 d。The acute toxicity of 14 acaricides to silkworms was determined by leaf dipping method,and their risk level to sericulture production was evaluated with reference to the recommended concentration in the field,and the residual period of acaricides with high acute toxicity and high risk to silkworms was determined on mulberry leaves.The results showed that 200 g/L amitraz emulsifiable concentrate was highly toxic to silkworms acutely(LC50 of 4.90 mg/L),with very high risk to silkworms;20%etofenprox suspension was highly toxic to silkworms(LC50 of 11.36 mg/L),with high risk to silkworms;18%quinapacryl suspension,73%kynurenine emulsifiable concentrate,15%pyridaben emulsifiable concentrate,and 25%monoformamidine The acute toxicity of 4 acaricides to silkworms was low(LC50>200 mg/L),with medium risk to silkworms,while 8 acaricides,including 5%thiacarbazone emulsifiable concentrate,20%phenylbutazone suspension,43%bifenazate suspension,30%etofenprox suspension,20%butaflumizole suspension,30%cyhalofopbutane suspension,29%spirodiclofen suspension,99%mineral oil emulsifiable concentrate,etc.,posed low risk to silkworms.The residual toxicity period of 200 g/L amitraz emulsion 1500 times(133.33 mg/L)and etofenprox suspension 10000 times(20.00 mg/L)on mulberry leaves was>60 d and>40 d,respectively,and the residual toxicity period of 18%quinpyradifacoum suspension 1000 times(180.00 mg/L)on mulberry leaves was>60 d and>40 d.The residual Bulletin of Sericulture toxicity period of 18%quinpyradifacoum suspension 1000 times(180.00 mg/L)had a residual toxicity period of 9 d,73%kynurenine emulsifiable concentrate 2000 times(365.00 mg/L)had a residual toxicity period of 5 d,and 25%monoamidinium hydrochloride aqueous 1000 times(250.00 mg/L)and 15%pyridaben emulsifiable concentrate 2000 times(75.00 mg/L)had residual toxicity periods of 3 d.The residual toxicity of these two acaricides on mulberry leaves was>60 d and>40 d,respectively.

关 键 词：杀螨剂 家蚕 急性毒性 风险性 残毒期 

分 类 号：S884[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]