高超声速火箭橇凿削磨损机理分析  

Analysis of Gouging Wear Mechanism of Hypersonic Rocket Sled

作　　者：陈科儒 孙琨[1] 陈诚 齐博毅 党峰 CHEN Keru;SUN Kun;CHEN Cheng;QI Boyi;DANG Feng(State Key Laboratory for Mechnical Behavior of Materials,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China;Test and Measuring Academy of Norinco Group,Huayin,Shaanxi 714200,China;School of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学金属材料强度国家重点实验室,西安710049 [2]中国兵器工业试验测试研究院,西华阴714200,陕 [3]西安交通大学航天航空学院,西安710049

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报》2024年第8期136-144,共9页Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52075417);陕西省重点研发计划资助项目(2024GX-YBXM-018)。

摘　　要：针对高超声速下火箭橇运行过程中凿削磨损产生的机理模糊不清问题,基于有限元-光滑粒子流体动力学法(FEM-SPH法),利用有限元软件ABAQUS构建了三维火箭橇靴-轨模型,FEM-SPH法是一种既能保证计算精度,又能克服网格畸变的新型模拟方法。在该模型中,滑靴和轨道所使用的材料分别为VascoMax 300钢、AISI 1080钢,并赋予各自材料属性,通过设定航向速度为2000 m/s,竖直速度为2.5 m/s以及温度为673 K,模拟了高超声速下靴-轨凿削磨损现象的演变过程。模拟结果表明:凿削磨损是在高温高应力作用下和靴-轨之间形成嵌入式结构后,经过持续地破坏滑靴底部所产生的,最终形成泪滴状蚀坑。进一步分析表明,竖直速度和温度的增加都会提高凿削发生的概率。在航向速度为2000 m/s、初始温度为673 K时,竖直速度超过1.50 m/s就会发生凿削现象;在航向速度为2000 m/s、竖直速度为2.5 m/s,温度超过293 K就会发生凿削现象。该研究成果不仅有助于高超声速下靴-轨凿削磨损的产生机理进一步完善,还为高超声速火箭橇试验的安全发射提供了新的理论支持。In order to solve the problem that the mechanism of gouging wear of rocket sled is unclear in hypersonic operation,based on the finite element-smoothed particle hydrodynamics(FEM-SPH)method,a three-dimensional rocket sled slipper-rail model is constructed with ABAQUS finite element software.The FEM-SPH method is a new simulation method which can not only ensure the calculation precision,but also overcome the distortion of the mesh.In this model,the slipper and rail are made of Vascomax 300 steel and AISI 1080 steel,respectively,and each has its own material properties.With the heading speed set at 2000 m/s,the vertical speed at 2.5 m/s and the temperature at 673 K,the evolution of slipper-rail gouging wear at hypersonic speeds is simulated.The simulation results show that the gouging wear is the final teardrop-like corrosion pits due to continuous damage of the slipper bottom caused by the embedded structure between the slipper and rail under high temperature and high stress.Further analysis shows that the probability of gouging will increase with the increase of vertical velocity and temperature.When the heading velocity is 2000 m/s and the initial temperature is 673 K,gouging will occur if the vertical velocity exceeds 1.50 m/s.When the heading speed is 2000m/s and the vertical speed is 2.5 m/s,gouging will occur if the temperature exceeds 293 K.The research results not only help identify the mechanism of slipper-rail gouging wear,but also provide new theoretical support for the safe launch in a hypersonic rocket sled test.

关 键 词：火箭橇试验 凿削现象 有限元-光滑粒子流体动力学法 竖直速度 温度 

分 类 号：TG144[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]