填塞长度对岩体爆破损伤效果的影响研究  

Influence of Stemming Length on Damage Effect of Rock Blasting

作　　者：魏可心 徐振洋 王雪松 闫祎然 任碧琦 WEI Kexin;XU Zhenyang;WANG Xuesong;YAN Yiran;REN Biqi(School of Mining Engineering,University of Science and Technology Liaoning,Anshan 114051,Liaoning,China;School of Architecture and Civil Engineering,Shenyang University of Technology,Shenyang 110870,Liaoning,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁科技大学矿业工程学院,辽宁鞍山114051 [2]沈阳工业大学建筑与土木学院,辽宁沈阳110870

出　　处：《矿冶工程》2024年第3期16-21,27,共7页Mining and Metallurgical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51974187);辽宁省教育厅重点项目(LJKZ0282)。

摘　　要：采用数值模拟方法建立单孔装药的爆破模型,采取不同填塞长度模拟并利用Otsu算法进行阈值分割后,提取岩体的破裂面积比、孔隙分形维数、块度数据等进行对比分析,研究填塞长度对深孔爆破损伤效果的影响。结果表明,分形维数和破裂面积比随填塞长度增加呈现先增后降的变化趋势,填塞长度3.0 m时分形维数达到最大值,填塞长度1.7 m时破裂面积比达到极大值。填塞长度2.2 m左右时碎块数量取得最大值,填塞长度2.0 m时碎块平均面积为最小,填塞长度2.0~2.2 m时可达到较优的岩石破碎效果。随着填塞长度增加,抛出的岩石从小块为主转向大块,位移距离降低。研究成果对爆破作业填塞参数选取具有一定参考价值。The numerical simulation was used to establish a single-hole blasting model,which was then used to simulate the blasting effect with different stemming length.Otsu thresholding technique was adopted for image segmentation,and the data,such as percentage of cracked rock area,fractal dimension of pore structure,and fragmentation of rock mass,were extracted for comparative analysis,so as to explore the influence of stemming length on damage effect under deep-hole blasting.The results show that fractal dimension and percentage of cracked rock area are in an uptrend before falling down as stemming length increases.The fractal dimension reaches the maximum value with stemming length of 3.0 m,and the percentage of cracked rock area reaches the maximum value with stemming length of 1.7 m.Stemming length of 2.2 m can bring the highest number of fragments,and stemming length of 2.0 m can result in the smallest average area of fragments.It is found that the blasting with the stemming length of 2.0-2.2 m can lead to better rock fragmentation effect.As the stemming length increases,the flyrock becomes bigger,and the displacement distance decreases.The research results can be taken as reference in selection of stemming parameters for blasting operation.

关 键 词：深孔爆破 填塞长度 岩体爆破 裂纹扩展 图像分析 损伤效果 

分 类 号：TD235[矿业工程—矿井建设]