基于典型计量统计的农业灌溉地下水用水量评估  

Assessing groundwater usage for irrigation based on statistics of meter readings

作　　者：汪勇[1] 李星[1] 马飞 张园园 何凡[1] 赵勇[1] WANG Yong;LI Xing;MA Fei;ZHANG Yuanyuan;HE Fan;ZHAO Yong(China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin,Beijing 100038,China;Dezhou Water Conservancy Bureau,Dezhou 253014,China;Tangshan Water Administration Supervision Detachment,Tangshan 063000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室,北京100038 [2]德州市水利局,山东德州253014 [3]唐山市水政监察支队,河北唐山063000

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2024年第8期64-72,共9页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3200205);国家自然科学基金项目(52109044)。

摘　　要：【目的】利用现有计量统计机井数据准确评估典型地区灌溉农业地下水实际用水量。【方法】基于唐山市不同种植结构典型井灌区地下水计量统计数据,通过典型区域实地调查,结合降水量、农业种植结构、统计年鉴等数据,绘制不同种植结构下降水量与灌溉定额的关系曲线,评估2010年唐山地下水实际用水量。【结果】①水浇地、水田的灌溉定额与降水量的关系曲线分别为y=1.167×10^(7)x^(-1.2773)、y=378796x^(-0.6366),拟合R^(2)分别为0.8990、0.8833。②唐山市2010年降水量条件下不同种植结构作物灌溉定额表现为水田灌溉定额(5763~7649 m^(3)/hm^(2))>大棚灌溉定额(4950 m^(3)/hm^(2))>水浇地灌溉定额(2633~4647 m^(3)/hm^(2))。③唐山市2010年灌溉农业地下水实际开采量评估结果为13.08亿m^(3),与《唐山市水资源公报》数据相差9.42%。【结论】水田灌溉定额要大于大棚和水浇地,利用计量统计数据评估得到的农业地下水开采量可在一定程度上评估北方地区农业地下水实际开采量。【Objectives】Irrigation for agricultural production in most regions of the world relies on groundwater.Understanding groundwater extracted for irrigation in a region is hence important for water resource management but challenging at regional and catchment scales.In this paper we propose a method to estimate groundwater usage for irrigation.【Method】We take Tangshan in Northern China as an example.Based on the number and distribution of boreholes,field investigation in selected areas,planting structures,precipitation,as well as statistical yearbook,we established the relationship between precipitation and irrigation amount,and evaluated the actual groundwater usage for irrigation in 2010 in the studied region.【Result】①The relationship between irrigation amount(y)and precipitation(x)in irrigated croplands and paddy fields was y=1.167×10^(7)x^(-1.2773)and y=378796x^(-0.6366),respectively,with R^(2)of the former and the latter being 0.8990 and 0.8833.②The irrigation amount for paddy fields in 2010 varied from 5763 to 7649 m^(3)/hm^(2),larger than the irrigation amount for greenhouses(4950 m^(3)/hm^(2))and the irrigated cropland which varied from 2633 to 4647 m^(3)/hm^(2).③The estimated groundwater extracted for irrigation in 2010 was 1.308 billion m^(3),differing by 9.42%from that reported in the water resources bulletin.【Conclusion】The irrigation amount for paddy fields is larger than that for greenhouse and irrigated cropland.Statistics yearbook can be used with other data to estimate groundwater extraction for irrigation;our analysis showed that the results estimated using this method agree reasonably well with measured data.

关 键 词：农业用水量 地下水量评估 灌溉定额 降水量 降水量与灌溉定额关系曲线 

分 类 号：S271.4[农业科学—农业水土工程]