中国侨商与长崎孔庙的兴替  

Overseas Chinese Merchants and the Rise and Fall of the Nagasaki Confucian Temple

作　　者：张哲 Zhang Zhe

机构地区：[1]浙江海洋大学师范学院历史学系

出　　处：《国际汉学》2024年第4期78-86,157,共10页International Sinology

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国古代海洋珍稀文献抢救性整理研究与数据库建设”(项目编号:21&ZD233)的阶段性成果之一。

摘　　要：日本长崎兴福寺内所遗留的三通汉文碑刻,对考证中日文化交流史有着重要的史料价值。通过对三通汉文碑刻的考释,发现在长崎孔庙发展过程中,长崎中国侨商通过献纳财物、规划孔庙、参与祭祀等多种形式对长崎孔庙施加影响。这一方面,使长崎孔庙在日本江户时代的庙学中汉化色彩较浓,显得独树一帜;另一方面,也以长崎孔庙为窗口,促进了中国文化在日本的传播。明治维新之后,在中国侨商的资助下,新建的长崎孔庙脱离了日本的管理,并在其中创立学校,延续着儒家传统,使其成为海外华侨创建的唯一一所庙学合一的孔庙,保存至今。The three newly found Chinese stone inscriptions at Kofuku-ji Temple in Nagasaki are of important historical value for studying the history of cultural exchange between China and Japan.Through a critical reading of the three stone inscriptions,this paper finds that Chinese merchants played a significant role in the development of the Confucian temple of Nagasaki through various means,such as providing financial support,planning the temple,and regularly participating in the rituals.On one hand,the Confucian Temple in Nagasaki were strongly assimilated by the Chinese,making it unique in the temple studies of the Edo period in Japan.On the other hand,the Confucius Temple in Nagasaki as a window promoted the dissemination of Chinese culture in Japan.After the Meiji Restoration,with the financial support of overseas Chinese merchants,the newly built Nagasaki Confucian Temple was separated from Japanese administration,and a school was established.This new Confucian temple and school inherited the Confucian educational tradition,creating a unique overseas temple-academy system in Nagasaki,which has been preserved to this day.

关 键 词：长崎孔庙 中国侨商 汉文碑刻 文化交流 

分 类 号：K250.6[历史地理—历史学]