4.0 Mt/a加氢裂化装置运行过程中问题分析  

PROBLEM ANALYSIS DURING THE OPERATION OF 4.0 Mt/a HYDROCRACKING UNIT

作　　者：解协勤 Xie Xieqin(SINOPEC Zhenhai Refining&Chemical Co.,Ltd.,Ningbo,Zhejiang 315207)

机构地区：[1]中国石化镇海炼化分公司,浙江宁波315207

出　　处：《石油炼制与化工》2024年第8期58-64,共7页Petroleum Processing and Petrochemicals

摘　　要：以4 Mt/a柴油蜡油加氢裂化装置为例,通过分析其运行过程中缠绕管换热器压降低、石脑油分馏塔进料管线振动等热点和难点问题,提出相应的解决方法和措施,同时对大型加氢裂化装置进行了节能优化。结果表明:为实现缠绕管换热温度精准控制,在新装置设计阶段,应优先采用“X”形控制方式,在装置大型化后,根据装置运行特点和场地布置问题,应采取满足管道要求的优化方案。对于设置有石脑油稳定塔和石脑油分馏塔的工艺流程,需重点考虑介质特点,降低管线液击、管线振动所带来的影响。此外,优化新氢压缩机和普通离心泵的运行模式可为大型加氢裂化装置的平稳操作、节能降耗提供一定参考。Taking a 4 Mt/a diesel and gas oil hydrocracking unit as an example,through analyzing the hot and difficult problems such as the pressure drop of the wound tube heat exchanger and vibration of the feed pipeline,the corresponding solving methods and measures were put forward.At the same time,the energy-saving optimization of large-scale hydrocracking unit was carried out.The results indicated that in order to realize the accurate control of the wound tube heat exchanger temperature,the“X”type control mode should be adopted in the design stage of the new unit.After the unit was scaled up,optimization scheme should be adopted to meet the requirements of the pipeline based on the operating characteristics and site layout issues of the unit.For the process flow with naphtha stabilization column and naphtha fractionation column,it was important to consider the medium characteristics to reduce the impact of pipeline liquid hammer and pipeline vibration.In addition,the optimized operation mode of the new hydrogen compressor and ordinary centrifugal pump could provide a certain reference for the smooth operation of large-scale hydrocracking unit.

关 键 词：加氢裂化 节能降耗 石脑油 空气冷却器 氢耗 喷气燃料 

分 类 号：TE96[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]