脉冲宽度对高功率微波阵列天线辐射特性的影响  

Influence of Pulse Width on Radiation Characteristics of High Power Microwave Array Antenna

作　　者：廖勇[1] 谢平[1] 王冬[1] LIAO Yong;XIE Ping;WANG Dong(Institute of Applied Electronics,China Academy of Engineering Physics,Mianyan,Sichuan Province 621900,China)

机构地区：[1]中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所,四川绵阳621900

出　　处：《现代应用物理》2024年第3期89-95,104,共8页Modern Applied Physics

摘　　要：为了研究馈入脉冲波形的脉冲宽度(脉冲半高宽)对高功率微波阵列天线辐射特性的影响,以L波段(1.575 GHz)高功率微波波导缝隙阵列天线为例,首先从理论分析、数值仿真方面研究不同馈入脉冲波形脉宽对阵列天线辐射增益和辐射脉冲脉宽的影响,然后根据仿真模型加工制作了一款由4根波导组成的宽边纵缝阵列天线,并将波导缝隙阵列天线结合功分网络与吉瓦级微波源(高功率微波磁控管)连试,开展了高功率微波辐射实验。数值仿真结果表明,当馈入的L波段微波脉冲脉宽约为10 ns时,阵列天线辐射增益比连续波馈入时的增益减小2.2 dB,脉宽展宽2.6 ns;当馈入脉冲波形脉宽约为15 ns时,阵列天线时域增益比连续波馈入时的时域增益减小1.5 dB,脉宽展宽1.9 ns。高功率微波实验结果表明,与辐射场脉宽为9.6 ns的高功率微波相比,辐射场脉冲脉宽为15.65 ns的高功率微波功率密度提升了3.1 dB。In this paper,the waveguide slot array antenna of L-band(1.575 GHz) high-power microwave is taked as an example to study the effects of different feeding pulse widths on the radiation gain and radiation pulse width of the antenna from theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.A L-band broadside longitudinal slot array antenna consisting of four waveguides(length:1.4 m,width:0.63 m) with 10 radiation slots(waveguide cavity 140 mm×40 mm) is designed based on numerical simulation.A high-power microwave radiation experiment is carried out by combining waveguide slot array antenna with power division network and gigawatt-level microwave source(high-power microwave magnetron) in a joint test.The numerical simulation results show that for the L-band feeding pulse signal with a pulse width of about 10 ns,the radiation gain of the array antenna is reduced by 2.2 dB compared with that of the continuous wave feeding,and the pulse width is broadened by 2.6 ns.When the feeding pulse signal with a pulse width of about 15 ns is fed,the time-domain gain of the array antenna is reduced by 1.5 dB compared with that of the continuous wave feeding,and the pulse width is broadened by 1.9 ns.The experimental results show that the power density of high-power microwave with a pulse width of 15.65 ns is 3.1 dB higher than that of high-power microwave with a pulse width of 9.6 ns.

关 键 词：脉冲宽度 高功率微波 波导缝隙阵 天线增益 

分 类 号：TN321[电子电信—物理电子学] TL99[核科学技术—核技术及应用]