不同处理条件对蔓越莓太空种子萌发的影响  

Effects of Different Treatment Conditions on Space Seed Germination of Cranberry

作　　者：刘晓佳[1] 张继舟[1] 王立民[1] 金欢欢 海鹏 李峰 程正新 李雯琪 吕品[1] Liu Xiaojia;Zhang Jizhou;Wang Limin;Jin Huanhuan;Hai Peng;Li Feng;Cheng Zhengxin;Li Wenqi;Lv Pin(Institute of Natural Resources and Ecology,HAS.,Harbin Heilongjiang 150040;Fuyuan Red Sea Plant Industry Co.,LTD.,Jiamusi 156599,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省科学院自然与生态研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [2]抚远红海植业有限公司,黑龙江佳木斯156599

出　　处：《国土与自然资源研究》2024年第5期83-89,共7页Territory & Natural Resources Study

基　　金：黑龙江省科学院中试熟化项目“蔓越莓养分调控技术熟化与规模化示范”(ZSSH2022ZR01)。

摘　　要：通过对国内蔓越莓太空种子萌发效率进行研究,旨在为太空育种提供理论基础和实践铺垫。采用了体视显微镜进行蔓越莓种子形态特征分析,运用SPSS20.0软件进行数据统计分析,研究了温度、pH、光照时长、水势和播种深度对蔓越莓种子发芽的影响。结果表明,立体解剖镜观察蔓越莓种子纺锤形,外披条形纤维纹,萌发点着绒毛,千粒重约2.1 g,长宽比约为2:1;种子小,萌发过程具典型特征。蔓越莓太空种子在22~26℃的温度范围内平均最大发芽率为16.67%,与pH3-5相比,pH8的出苗率减少75%以上;种子具有光敏性,发芽受光照质量的影响,在红光照射30分钟后,最大发芽率可达10%;当种子受到低至-0.2 MPa的水分胁迫时发芽率降低,-0.4 MPa的发芽率低至6.67%;蔓越莓种子随着种植深度增加而呈发芽率下降趋势,播种深度不要超过1.0 cm。综上所述,蔓越莓太空种子萌发受多种因素影响,但与正常种子相比,其发芽时间、萌发率、萌发势及发芽指数均较低,这可能与其受太空环境干扰有关。The study of space seed germination efficiency of cranberry aims to provide theoretical basis and practical foundation for space breeding of cranberry in China.Stereomicroscope was used to analyze the morphological characteristics of cranberry seeds,and SPSS20.0 software was used for statistical analysis.The effects of temperature,pH,light duration,water potential,and sowing depth on the germination of cranberry seeds were studied.The results showed that,the spindle-shaped cranberry seeds were observed by stereoscopic anatomic microscope,covered with stripy fiber,and germinated pile.The 1000-grain weight was about 2.1 g,and the ratio of length to width was about 2:1.The seeds were small and the germination process was typical.The average maximum germination rate of cranberry space seeds was 16.67%in the diurnal temperature range of 22~26℃.Compared with pH3-5,the emergence rate of pH8 was reduced by more than 75%.Seeds are photosensitive,germination is affected by the quality of light,and the maximum germination rate can reach 10%after 30 minutes of red light irradiation.When the seeds were subjected to water stress as low as-0.2 MPa,the germination rate decreased,and the germination rate was as low as 6.67%at-0.4 MPa.The germination rate of cranberry seeds decreased with the increase of planting depth,and the sowing depth should not exceed 1.0 cm.In conclusion,cranberry space seed germination is affected by many factors.However,compared with normal seeds,the germination time,germination rate,germination potential,and germination index were lower,which may be related to the interference of space environment.

关 键 词：蔓越莓种子 太空辐照 形态特征 萌发条件 

分 类 号：S722.5[农业科学—林木遗传育种]