兰新高速铁路开孔挡风墙周围沙粒沉积与侵蚀特征数值模拟研究  

Numerical Simulation of Sand Deposition and Erosion Characteristics around Wind-break Wall with Openings along Lanzhou—Xinjiang High Speed Railway Line

作　　者：张凯[1,2] 邓育辉 张海龙 田建锦 王涛 李盛 ZHANG Kai;DENG Yuhui;ZHANG Hailong;TIAN Jianjin;WANG Tao;LI Sheng(School of Civil Engineering,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学土木工程学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院沙漠与沙漠化重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《铁道学报》2024年第7期143-149,共7页Journal of the China Railway Society

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金(2021M703466);甘肃省自然科学基金(20JR10RA231,22JR5RA050);甘肃省基础研究创新群体项目(21JR7RA347)。

摘　　要：设置在路基上的挡风墙起到了有效防风作用,但是由于其阻碍作用,对路基造成了严重的积沙危害。因此,基于Fluent欧拉双流体模型,对兰新高速铁路沿线既有下部开孔挡风墙周围风沙两相流运动特性进行数值模拟研究,得到挡风墙周围的流场分布规律以及沙粒沉积与侵蚀特征。结果表明:随着来流风速的增大,路堤迎风侧坡脚处的漩涡强度逐渐衰弱直至消失;路堤背风侧漩涡整体位置往背风侧方向移动,且漩涡涡量增加,导致沙粒反向侵蚀区域增加;迎风侧边坡处的沙粒沉积区域逐步减小,沙粒侵蚀区域逐步增加;北侧线路逐渐出现侵蚀区域,而风速对南侧线路沉积侵蚀区域的变化影响较小。在强风地区,布设挡风墙时应考察线路上风向的地表情况,地表松散、沙源丰富时宜同时采取防沙治沙措施,以达到减缓线路积沙危害的目的。Despite the effective role of the wind-break wall on the subgrade in wind prevention,the obstructing effect of the wall has caused serious sand accumulation hazards.Based on the Fluent Euler two-fluid model,a numerical simulation study was conducted on the two-phase flow characteristics of wind and sand around the existing wind-break wall with openings in the lower part of the wall along the Lanzhou—Xinjiang high speed rail line,obtaining the flow field distribution around the wind-break wall and the sand deposition and erosion features.The results show that with the increase of the incoming wind speed,the vortex intensity at the foot of the windward side of the embankment gradually weakens until it disappears.With the increase of the incoming wind speed,the overall position of the vortex on the leeward side of the embankment moves to the leeward side,and the increase of vortex volume results in an increase in the reverse erosion area of sand particles.The sand deposition on the windward slope gradually decreases with the increase of the incoming wind speed,while the sand erosion gradually increases.With the increase of wind speed,the erosion area gradually appears on the north railway,while the wind speed has little effect on the change of the depositional erosion area on the south railway.In areas with strong winds,the surface conditions on the windward direction of the line should be inspected when installing the wind-break wall.With loose surface and abundant sand source,sand prevention and control measures should be taken at the same time to achieve the purpose of mitigating the sand accumulation hazards of the line.

关 键 词：开孔挡风墙 风沙流 沙粒沉积 风沙侵蚀 数值模拟 

分 类 号：U216.413[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]