星间时间传递亚ps传播时延与不连续测量Allan方差的修正  

The Corrections of Sub-picosecond Propagation Time Delays and the Allan Variance of Discontinuous Measurement for the Inter-satellite Time Transfer

作　　者：何克亮 贺玉玲 王国永[1] HE Ke-liang;HE Yu-ling;WANG Guo-yong(China Academy of Space Technology(Xi'an),Xi'an 710100)

机构地区：[1]中国空间技术研究院西安分院,西安710100

出　　处：《天文学报》2024年第4期87-98,共12页Acta Astronomica Sinica

基　　金：国防科技基础加强计划(2019-JCJQ-ZD-342-00);国防科技工业技术基础科研项目(JSJL2020203B001)资助。

摘　　要：星间信号非对称传播路径引起卫星接收信号时刻发生非相等延迟,需要在时间传递钟差解算过程中予以精确修正.通过分析钟差观测方法,对卫星运动引起的非对称传播时延进行归算,应用时间传递函数方法分项评估相对论性光线偏折引起的传播时延以及评估时延修正残差的附加稳定度,在当前定轨条件下传播时延修正精度可达亚ps量级.针对星间时频比对数据缺失的影响,拓展了Allan方差的自相关函数表示,提出采用统计方法分别计算不同幂律噪声的稳定度修正系数,分析了比对数据缺失对不同幂律噪声稳定度计算的影响.总体上提出一种星间时频比对传播时延与不连续测量Allan方差修正的系统性方法,可用于ps级星间时间传递的钟差修正.Unequal time delays at receiving signal time are caused by the asymmetric signal propagation paths between two satellites,which should be accurately corrected when solving the clock error of inter-satellite time transfer.The observation method of clock error is analysed,the asymmetric signal propagation time delay caused by satellite motion is then derived and reduced,the delay caused by relativistic deflection of light is also calculated using the time transfer function method,and the residual error stability of the propagation time delay correction is evaluated,which improve the correction accuracy of asymmetric signal propagation time delay to 0.1 ps under the current condition of orbit determination.The autocorrelation function representation of Allan variance is extended,and a method of computing the Allan variance error with missing measuring data is proposed based on the statistical method.The effect of missing measuring data on frequency stability calculation of different noises is also analysed.Overall,a systematic correction approach of the propagation time delay and Allan variance with discontinuous measurement for the inter-satellite two-way time transfer are constructed,which can be used in the clock error correction of inter-satellite time transfer in the order of ps.

关 键 词：时间:时间比对 传播时延 参考系:原子时 方法:统计 

分 类 号：P127[天文地球—天体测量]