从板块构造角度再论旧石器时代中西石器工业差异的石料原因  

Revisiting Differences in the Lithic Industries Between the East and the West During the Paleolithic Age:A Tectonic Plate Perspective

作　　者：刘拓 林壹 Liu Tuo;Lin Yi

机构地区：[1]兰州文理学院,兰州730000 [2]郑州大学考古与文化遗产学院,郑州450000

出　　处：《中国国家博物馆馆刊》2024年第6期26-32,共7页Journal of National Museum of China

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目“嵩山东麓地区MIS3阶段脉石英石器的打制实验研究”(项目批准号:20CKG005)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：以往在用石料因素解释旧石器时代中西石器工业差异成因时,存在空间尺度上不匹配的问题,本文从板块构造的角度重新讨论了石料分布差异的地质学基础。欧洲尤其是西欧的海相地层远比其他地区丰富,优质燧石的可获性更强,可能是造成该区域阿舍利工业特殊性的原因之一,但这一因素不足以解释旧石器时代早期莫维斯线两侧整体差异。在中国,华北陆块稳定的沉积与北部天山—兴安板块造山带形成反差,后者因为火山活动频繁,优质细腻的火山喷出岩较多,在旧石器时代中期更有利于莫斯特工业自西向东的扩散。总之,比较不同区域的宏观地质背景能够帮助我们更好地理解石料对石器工业的制约作用。There was a mismatch in the spatial scale in the past in explaining the causes of the differences between the western and eastern Palaeolithic lithic industries in terms of raw material factors.This article revisits the geological basis for the differences in lithic raw material distribution from the perspective of plate tectonics.The far richer marine stratigraphy and greater availability of high-quality flint in Europe,especially in Western Europe,may have contributed to the specificity of the region's Acheulean industry,but this factor is not sufficient to explain the overall differences on either side of the Early Palaeolithic Movis Line.In China,the stable deposition of the North China land mass contrasts with the orogenic belt of the Tianshan-Xing'an plate in the north,which,because of its high volcanic activity and large amount of high-quality and fine volcanic extrusion,was more conducive to the diffusion of the Mousterian industry from west to east in the middle Palaeolithic.In brief,comparing the macro-geological contexts of different regions can help us to better understand the constraints of stone materials on the lithic industry.

关 键 词：石料 地质背景 阿舍利工业 莫斯特工业 

分 类 号：K86[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] P534.63[历史地理—历史学]