基于NSF和NSFC资助论文成果的学科交叉发展比较研究  

A Comparative Study of Interdisciplinary Development Based ontheFunding Papers of NSF and NSFC

作　　者：姜一斐 杨涛 何琳[1] Yifei Jiang;Tao Yang;Lin He(College of Information Management,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095;College of Agriculture,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学信息管理学院,南京210095 [2]南京农业大学农学院,南京210095

出　　处：《中国科学基金》2024年第3期532-540,共9页Bulletin of National Natural Science Foundation of China

摘　　要：本文以美国国家科学基金会(National Science Foundation, U. S., NSF)及国家自然科学基金委员会(National Science Foundation of China, NSFC)资助发表的期刊论文为研究对象,对其进行学科交叉度的测量和对比分析,并采用Spearman秩相关性检验方法分析论文数量特征、基金资助特征和学科交叉度之间的相关性。分析结果表明,学科交叉论文数量受项目资助的影响,且这种影响在NSFC资助体系下表现更加明显,NSFC资助项目经费是影响学科交叉论文数量最显著的特征。学科交叉论文数量及资助项目特征还通过影响学科丰富性、均衡度、差异度和异质度,进一步影响学科间的交叉。此外,本文综合分析了中美两国自然科学领域学科交叉发展的历史演变与发展现状,并对我国学科交叉发展与NSFC学科交叉研究资助政策提供参考和建议。This paper focuses on the measurement and comparative analysis of interdisciplinary degrees of journal articles supported by U.S.National Science Foundation(NSF)and National Science Foundation of China(NSFC)funding.The Spearman rank correlation test method is used to analyze the correlation between the quantity of papers,funding characteristics,and interdisciplinary degrees.The analysis shows that the quantity of interdisciplinary papers is influenced by project funding,and this effect is more pronounced in the NSFC funding system.The funding amount of NSFC projects is the most significant characteristic affecting the quantity of interdisciplinary papers.The quantity of interdisciplinary papers and funding project characteristics further affect the interdisciplinary development through their impact on disciplinary diversity,balance,differentiation,and heterogeneity.Additionally,this paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the historical evolution and current situation of interdisciplinary development in the natural science fields of China and the United States,and provides suggestions for China's interdisciplinary development and NSFC's interdisciplinary research funding policies.

关 键 词：科学基金 学科交叉 学科多样性 相关性分析 

分 类 号：G353.1[文化科学—情报学]