体外不同温度下人类精子活力随时间的变化  

Changes in human sperm motility over time at different temperatures

作　　者：罗怡云 刘章顺[1] 史晓红 王明燚 谢晓东 邵红芳 Luo Yiyun;Liu Zhangshun;Shi Xiaohong;Wang Mingyi;Xie Xiaodong;Shao Hongfang(Department of Reproductive Medicine Center,Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200233,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学医学院附属第六人民医院生殖医学中心,上海200233

出　　处：《中国男科学杂志》2024年第3期43-47,共5页Chinese Journal of Andrology

摘　　要：目的了解人类精子在体外不同温度条件下其活力随时间的变化趋势,为优化精子的体外保存条件提供理论依据。方法正常男性精液39份均分为两份,分别放置于26℃的室温和37℃的水浴箱中,在0 h、2 h、4 h、24 h分别测定精子活力、前向运动、非前向运动和不动精子的比例;将0 h和24 h的精液分别送细菌培养。结果在0 h 39份精液中精子活动力55.68%(IQR,46.06%~64.93%),在26℃和37℃放置2 h精子活动力分别降为37.04%(IQR,30.35%~48.40%)和44.69%(IQR,33.10%~55.42%)(P<0.05);26℃24 h精子活动力为10.39%(IQR,4.39%~17.62%),而在37℃24 h所有精子活动力为0%(P<0.0001)。放置37℃和26℃2 h前向运动精子比例为33.26%(IQR,23.92%~44.58%)和28.67%(IQR,19.41%~35.07%)(P<0.05),24 h后在37℃条件下前向运动精子和非前向运动精子比例均为0%,而在26℃条件下前向运动和非前向运动精子比例分别为3.57%(IQR,1.65%~8.06%)和5.88%(IQR,2.19%~10.07%)(P<0.0001)。2 h后37℃不动精子比例[55.31%(IQR,44.42%~66.56%)]低于26℃条件下的[61.99%(50.80%~69.24%)](P<0.05);24 h后37℃不动精子的比例达到了100%,而26℃不动精子比例为89.51%(IQR,81.78%~95.44%)(P<0.0001)。0 h精液培养无细菌生长,24 h精液培养示蜡样芽胞杆菌生长。结论在体外,人类精子活力随时间延长而下降,短时间(4 h)内精子活力在37℃下降较慢,时间延长后在37℃下降更快。精子活力下降可能与精液内细菌生长繁殖有关。Objective To understand the changes in human sperm motility over time at different temperatures for optimizing the preservation conditions of sperm in vitro.Methods Thirty-nine normal semen samples were evenly divided into two parts and placed in a water bath at 26℃and 37℃,respectively.Their sperm motility,the proportion of forward motility,non-forward motility,and immotile sperm were measured at 0 h,2 h,4 h,and 24 h,respectively and semen samples at 0 and 24 hours were sent for bacterial culture.Results Sperm motility was 55.68%(IQR,46.06%-64.93%)in 39 semen samples at 0 h,and decreased to 37.04%(IQR,30.35%-48.40%)and 44.69%(IQR,33.10%-55.42%)after being placed at 26℃and 37℃for 2 h(P<0.05).Sperm motility at 26℃for 24 h was 10.39%(IQR,4.39%-17.62%),while sperm motility at 37℃for 24 h was 0%(P<0.0001).The proportion of forward motile sperm after being at 37℃and 26℃for 2 hours was 33.26%(IQR,23.92%-44.58%)and 28.67%(IQR,19.41%-35.07%),respectively(P<0.05).After 24 h,the proportions of forward motile sperm and non-forward motile sperm at 37℃were 0%,while the proportions of forward motile sperm and non-forward motile sperm at 26℃were 3.57%(IQR,1.65%-8.06%)and 5.88%(IQR,2.19%-10.07%),respectively(P<0.0001).The proportion of immobile sperm(55.31%(IQR,44.42%-66.56%))at 37℃after 2 h was lower than that at 26℃(61.99%(50.80%-69.24%))(P<0.05).After 24 hours,the proportion of immobile sperm at 37℃reached 100%,while that at 26℃was 89.51%(IQR,81.78%-95.44%)(P<0.0001).After 48 hours bacterial culture,a lot of bacillus cereus were identified in semen samples collected at 24 hours while no bacterial was found in semen samples collected at 0 hour.Conclusions Sperm motility in vitro at 37℃was better than that at 26℃for the first 4 hours,while sperm motility at 26℃was better than that at 37℃for 24 hours.The decrease in sperm motility may be related to bacterial growth and reproduction.

关 键 词：精子能动性 体外 温度 

分 类 号：R321.1[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]