老年皮肤瘙痒症患者的中医体质与证型分布特点研究  

Study on the distribution characteristics of traditional chinese medicine constitution and syndrome types of senile pruritus

作　　者：龙雄初[1] 龙枚飞[1] 李晓玲 周晓青[3] 孙晓娟[1] 贾志霞 LONG Xiongchu;LONG Meifei;LI Xiaoling;ZHOU Xiaoqing;SUN Xiaojuan;JIA Zhixia(Emergency Department of the 81st Army Hospital of the PLA,Zhangjiakou 075000;Department of Pharmacy,Zhangjiakou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Zhangjiakou 075000;Department of Geriatrics,Wentang Workers Sanatorium of Hebei Federation of Trade Unions,Pingshan 050402;Internal Medicine of Laoyazhuang Town Hospital,Zhangjiakou Economic Development)

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军陆军第八十一集团军医院急诊科,075000 [2]张家口市中医院药剂科,075000 [3]河北省总工会温塘工人疗养院老年病科,050402 [4]张家口市经济开发区老鸦庄镇卫生院内科,075000

出　　处：《中国老年保健医学》2024年第3期92-95,共4页Chinese Journal of Geriatric Care

摘　　要：目的探讨老年皮肤瘙痒症(senile pruritus,SP)患者中医体质及证型分布特点,为临床治疗提供参考。方法采用方便抽样的方法于2022年11月至2023年11月从门诊入选符合调查条件的160例老年皮肤瘙痒症患者为研究对象。采用《老年版中医体质分类与判定》量表和自制的中医证候调查问卷进行中医体质判定和中医辨证分型,并分析其分布特点。结果160例老年皮肤瘙痒症患者中,中医体质以阴虚质和气虚质所占比例最高,分别为26.88%(43/160)和18.13%(29/160),其次为湿热质14.38%(23/160)、特禀质9.38%(15/160)、气郁质8.75%(14/160)、血瘀质6.87%(11/160)、痰湿质6.87%(11/160)、阳虚质6.87%(11/160)、平和质1.87(3/160)。中医辨证分型以血虚风燥证所占比例最高,为46.88%(75/160),其次为血热风热证19.38%(31/160)、湿热内蕴证15.62%(25/160)、其他证型18.12%(29/160)。结论老年皮肤瘙痒症患者的中医体质类型有独特的临床特点,以阴虚质、气虚质、湿热质为常见类型,中医辨证分型以血虚风燥证、血热风热证及湿热内蕴证为常见证型,提示临床治疗可根据其独特的临床特点予以补虚清热、祛风止痒为主的治疗,以提高临床疗效。Objective To explore the distribution characteristics of TCM Constitution and syndrome types in elderly patients with skin pruritus(SP),providing reference for clinical treatment.Methods Using the convenient sampling method,160 SP patients who met the survey conditions were selected from the outpatient department from November 2022 to November 2023.The scale of“classification and determination of TCM Constitution in the elderly version”and the self-made questionnaire of TCM syndromes were used to determine the constitution of TCM and TCM syndrome differentiation,and its distribution characteristics were analyzed.Results Among 160 patients with SP,Yin deficiency and Qi deficiency accounted for the largest proportion of TCM constitution,26.88%(43/160)and 18.13%(29/160)respectively,followed by damp heat 14.38%(23/160),intrinsic quality 9.38%(15/160),Qi depression 8.75%(14/160),blood stasis 6.87%(11/160),phlegm dampness 6.87%(11/160),Yang deficiency 6.87%(11/160)and peaceful quality 1.87(3/160).Blood deficiency and wind dryness syndrome accounted for 46.88%(75/160),followed by blood hot wind heat syndrome 19.38%(31/160),damp heat accumulation syndrome 15.62%(25/160)and other syndrome types 18.12%(29/160).Conclusion The TCM constitution types of SP patients have unique clinical characteristics,with Yin deficiency,Qi deficiency,and dampness heat as common types.The TCM syndrome differentiation types are blood deficiency and wind dryness syndrome,blood hot wind heat syndrome and damp heat accumulation syndrome.It is suggested that the clinical treatment can be based on its unique clinical characteristics,focusing on tonifying deficiency and clearing heat,dispelling wind and relieving itching,so as to improve the clinical curative effect.

关 键 词：瘙痒症 老年人 体质类型 辨证分型 

分 类 号：R275.9[医药卫生—中西医结合]