论东汉发生了拉链式“元音大转移”——立足于河洛地区的音类、音值证据  

On the Great Vowel Shift as a Drag Chain Occurring During the Eastern Han Dynasty:Based on the Evidence of Phonological Classes and Phonological Values in the He-Luo Region

作　　者：边田钢 卢鹭 Bian Tiangang;Lu Lu(Center for Studies of History of Chinese Language,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学汉语史研究中心,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2024年第6期120-136,共17页Journal of Zhejiang University:Humanities and Social Sciences

摘　　要：关于汉语史上首次“元音大转移”,一般认为是发生在西晋以后到北朝初期的“推链”音变。然而,根据东汉河洛地区音类、音值两方面的证据,即音注、韵段所呈现的音类重组关系和可靠译经音译词对应的原语言音值,可以证明该链移发生于东汉,且是“拉链”音变。“元音大转移”深刻调整了上古韵部的结构和数量,与声母系统的调整一道推动上古音系转变为全新的中古音系格局。古音质变发生于东汉,形成了上、中古音系的分水岭,这与词汇、语法学界的分期认识殊途同归。The first Great Vowel Shift in the history of Chinese is generally considered to have occurred as a push chain sound change between the post-Western Jin Period and the early Northern Dynasties.However,documentary evidence suggests that this first Great Vowel Shift in Chinese history was a drag chain triggered by the vowel split^(*)uu>■uu>aau,and the initial sound change of ^(*)uu>■uu>aau splitting began as early as the Western Han Period.The entire sound change process had largely been completed by the Eastern Han Period,much earlier than previously thought.This chain sound change is evident in both the refined pronunciations of the He-Luo and Qi-Lu regions during the Eastern Han Dynasty,albeit with slight differences in the pace of change,with the changes of Qi-Lu pronunciation occurring slightly later.This paper focuses on the reorganization of phonological classes and rhyme sections presented in the Eastern Han He-Luo region,as well as the phonological values of the original languages corresponding to reliable translated scriptural transliterations,to describe and explain the situation of the Great Vowel Shift within the Eastern Han He-Luo refined pronunciation.It is clearly stated that for the Eastern Han He-Luo refined pronunciation,each link in the chain of the Great Vowel Shift had been profoundly developed,and might have been completely finished.The Great Vowel Shift significantly restructured the structure and number of Old Chinese rhyme categories,together with the adjustments in the initial consonant system,propelled the transition from the Old Chinese phonological system to a completely new Middle Chinese framework.The phonological quality changes that occurred during the Eastern Han period marked a watershed between Old and Middle Chinese,aligning with the periodization recognized in the fields of lexicon and grammar.

关 键 词：上古音 元音大转移 音系重组 语音史分期 

分 类 号：H111[语言文字—汉语]