基于节能材料的太阳能建筑围护结构研究进展与应用分析  

Research Progress and Application of Solar Building Envelope Integrated with Energy-saving Materials

作　　者：师劭航 朱宁[1,2] 宋晔皓[1,2] SHI Shaohang;ZHU Ning;SONG Yehao(School of Architecture,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Key Laboratory of Eco Planning&Green Building,Ministry of Education(Tsinghua University),Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学建筑学院,北京100084 [2]清华大学清华大学生态规划与绿色建筑教育部重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《建筑科学》2024年第6期36-46,96,共12页Building Science

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划战略性科技创新合作项目“既有建筑绿色低碳改造与碳中和技术联合研究与示范”(2022YFE0208600);国家自然科学基金项目“面向既有居住建筑改造的技术空间设计的人工智能优化方法研究”(51978358)。

摘　　要：利用节能材料物理特点改进太阳能建筑围护结构性能具有占用空间小、维护简单等优势,国内外学者已开展诸多研究。本文根据建筑围护结构对太阳能的3种主要利用方式对近年文献开展综述,分别是热调控、光热综合利用和建筑光伏一体化。进一步对技术方案开展了应用分析,讨论了不同策略的适用场景、技术局限与未来改进方向。结果表明,未来的研究和实践中,热调控型围护结构宜采用变物性材料以扩大适用气候区,光热综合利用型围护结构宜采用分波段调控材料以实现光热性能综合提升,建筑光伏一体化围护结构宜采用余热调控材料以实现发电量提升与太阳能梯级利用。Numerous studies have been conducted by Chinese and foreign scholars to improve the performance of solar building envelopes based on the physical characteristics of energy-efficient materials with advantages such as less space occupation and simpler maintenance.In this paper,recent literature was reviewed based on three main ways of utilizing solar energy in building envelopes,respectively,thermal regulation,integrated light and heat utilization,and building integrated photostatic.Further,an application analysis of the technical solutions was made,discussing the application scenarios,technology limitations,and future improvement approaches.The results show that for future research and practice,it is advisable to use materials with variable physical properties for thermal control envelopes to expand the applicable climate zone,to use materials with split-wavelength utilization for integrated light and heat utilization building envelopes to achieve integrated performance enhancement,and to use materials with surplus heat regulation for building integrated photovoltaic technology to achieve generation improvement and solar energy stepped utilization.

关 键 词：太阳能建筑 围护结构 节能材料 技术应用分析 性能可调 

分 类 号：TU111.19[建筑科学—建筑理论]