基于IMB模式的术后早期康复护理对胫骨平台骨折患者术后康复效果的影响  

Effect of early postoperative rehabilitation nursing based on IMB model on postoperative rehabilitation of patients with tibial plateau fracture

作　　者：曹冰倩 方曙静 宋美谕 CAO Bing-qian;FANG Shu-jing;SONG Mei-yu(Department of Orthopaedic II,Jiangsu Provincial Hospital,the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing 210029,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学第一附属医院·江苏省人民医院骨科二病区,江苏南京210029

出　　处：《川北医学院学报》2024年第8期1143-1147,共5页Journal of North Sichuan Medical College

基　　金：江苏省人民医院科技基金项目(JSPH-MC-2022-7)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨基于信息-动机-行为技巧(IMB)模式的术后早期康复护理对胫骨平台骨折术后康复效果的影响。方法:选取173例单侧胫骨平台骨折患者为研究对象,依据术后康复护理方案不同分为对照组(n=82)和观察组(n=91)。对照组患者予以常规康复护理;观察组患者予以基于IMB模式的早期康复护理,干预时间均为3个月。比较两组患者干预前后康复锻炼知信行水平[康复锻炼知信行水平量表评分];干预前、干预1个月及3个月后膝关节功能情况[Lysholm膝关节量表评分];住院时间、骨折愈合时间、完全负重时间及干预期间并发症发生情况。结果:干预后,两组患者康复锻炼知信行水平量表总分及各维度评分均升高(P<0.05),且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05);Lysholm膝关节量表评分均随护理时间推移而升高(P<0.05),且观察组各时间点均高于对照组(P<0.05)。干预3个月后,观察组患者膝关节优良率高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组患者住院时间、骨折愈合时间及完全负重时间短于对照组(P<0.05);术后并发症总发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:基于IMB模式的术后早期康复护理对胫骨平台骨折患者治疗效果优异,可有效提高患者康复锻炼知信行水平,减轻患者术后疼痛,促进膝关节功能恢复,且可降低术后并发症发生率。Objective:To explore the effect of early postoperative rehabilitation nursing based on information-motivation-behavioral skills(IMB)model on postoperative rehabilitation of tibial plateau fractures.Methods:A total of 173 patients with unilateral tibial plateau fractures who underwent surgical treatment were selected as the study subjects.According to different postoperative rehabilitation nursing schemes,they were divided into control group(n=82)and observation group(n=91).The control group was given routine rehabilitation nursing,and the observation group was given early rehabilitation nursing based on IMB model.Both groups were intervened for 3 months.The knowledge,attitude and practice level of rehabilitation exercise[rehabilitation exercise knowledge,attitude and practice level scale score]before and after intervention,knee joint function[Lysholm knee joint scale score]before intervention,1 and 3 months after intervention,hospitalization time,fracture healing time,full weight-bearing time and complications during intervention were compared between the two groups.Results:After intervention,the total score and each dimension score of rehabilitation exercise KAP scale in the two groups increased(P<0.05),and those in the observation group were higher(P<0.05).After intervention,the Lysholm knee scale scores of the two groups increased with time(P<0.05),and the observation group was higher at each time point(P<0.05).After 3 months of intervention,the excellent and good rate of knee joint in the observation group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the hospitalization time,fracture healing time and full weight-bearing time of the observation group were shorter(P<0.05),and the incidence of postoperative complications was lower(P<0.05).Conclusion:Early postoperative rehabilitation nursing based on IMB model has a significant effect on patients with tibial plateau fracture,which can effectively improve the level of knowledge,attitude and practice of rehabilitation exercise,

关 键 词：胫骨平台骨折 信息-动机-行为技巧模式 术后早期康复护理 术后疼痛 膝关节功能 并发症 

分 类 号：R473.6[医药卫生—护理学]