食蚜瘿蚊对大豆蚜的捕食作用  

Predation of Aphidoletes aphidimyza (Rondani) on Aphis glycines Matsumura of Glycine max (L.) Merr

作　　者：郑梦瑶 任鹏 申修贤 于晓飞 杨相 杨茂发[1,2] Zheng Mengyao;Ren Peng;Shen Xiuxian;Yu Xiaofei;Yang Xiang;Yang Maofa(College of Agriculture,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,Guizhou,China;College of Tobacco Science,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,Guizhou,China;Zunyi Branch Company of Guizhou Tobacco Company,Zunyi 563000,Guizhou,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学农学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州大学烟草学院,贵州贵阳550025 [3]贵州省烟草公司遵义市公司,贵州遵义563000

出　　处：《山地农业生物学报》2024年第4期86-92,共7页Journal of Mountain Agriculture and Biology

基　　金：中国烟草总公司贵州省公司科技重大专项项目(2023XM06);贵州省烟草公司遵义市公司科技项目(2022XM11;2020XM05);贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合平台人才-CXTD[2021]004)。

摘　　要：大豆蚜是大豆的一种重要害虫,为探究食蚜瘿蚊对大豆蚜的捕食作用,本研究设置了不同的食蚜瘿蚊和大豆蚜密度梯度,采用单一变量法探究了食蚜瘿蚊3龄幼虫对大豆蚜的捕食功能反应、搜寻效应、自身密度干扰反应以及捕食偏好性。结果表明:食蚜瘿蚊3龄幼虫对大豆蚜各龄期若虫的捕食功能反应均符合Holling II模型;对大豆蚜3龄若虫的最大日捕食量最高,为32.573头;对大豆蚜各龄期若虫的搜寻效应随大豆蚜密度升高而降低,相同密度下对大豆蚜4龄若虫的搜寻效应最大,但在40头和50头密度时3龄若虫的搜寻效应大于4龄;食蚜瘿蚊3龄幼虫对大豆蚜的捕食作用随自身密度增加而降低,平均捕食作用率亦随密度升高而降低;食蚜瘿蚊3龄幼虫对大豆蚜3龄若虫表现出捕食偏好性,选择系数Q=1.767。该研究表明,食蚜瘿蚊对大豆蚜具有良好的捕食潜能,可应用于田间推广。The soybean aphid,Aphis glycines Matsumura,poses a significant threat to Glycine max(L.)Merr..In order to explore the predation potential of Aphidoletes aphidimyza(Rondani)on A.glycines,this study investigated the predation functional response,searching efficiency,density interference response and predation preference of the third instar larva of Ap.aphidimyza on A.glycines,utilizing density gradients of both natural enemies and pests.The results indicated that the predatory response of the third instar larva of Ap.aphidimyza to A.glycines aligned consistently with the Holling II model.The third larval stage of Ap.aphidimyza had a maximum daily feeding rate of 32.573 on third nymph of A.glycines.More,the searching efficiency of the third larva stage of Ap.aphidimyza on A.glycines at different stages decreased as aphid density increased.The searching efficiency of the fourth instar nymphs was the highest under the same aphid density.However,at densities of 40 and 50,the searching efficiency of third instar nymphs was greater than that of fourth instar nymphs.The predation effect of the third instar larva of Ap.aphidimyza on A.glycines was self-disturbing and decreased as density increased,leading to a reduction in the average predation rate as density rose.The 3rd instar larva of Ap.aphidimyza exhibited a preference for the third instar nymphs of A.glycines,as indicated by a selection coefficient of Q=1.767.This study highlights the significant predatory capabilities of Ap.aphidimyza against A.glycines,suggesting its potential for practical field application.

关 键 词：大豆 大豆蚜 食蚜瘿蚊 捕食功能 生物防治 

分 类 号：S433.3[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]