从多树种古树群中优选造林乡土树种研究——以怀化市为例  

Study on Selecting Native Tree Species for Afforestation from Multi-species Ancient Tree Group-Take Huaihua City as an Example

作　　者：陶德树 Tao Deshu(Huaihua Forestry Survey and Design Institute,Huaihua Hunan 418000)

机构地区：[1]怀化市林业调查设计院,湖南怀化418000

出　　处：《热带林业》2024年第2期21-28,共8页Tropical Forestry

基　　金：2022年度中央财政林业科技推广示范资金项目([2022]07)“怀化树种种质资源库树种构建模式应用示范”;湖南省科技厅科技特派员服务乡村振兴项目(2022NK4191);怀化市科技计划项目(2021R3122)。

摘　　要：对怀化市156个古树群(含3个树种、15株古树以上)进行研究,分析树种和古树群结构特征,选择适宜在怀化市造林的乡土树种及配置模式。实地调查古树群,按照平均胸径、平均树高、株数和重要值计算树种得分,按分值优选造林树种。古树群以树种数、株数、平均胸径、平均树高计算分值,选取前20个古树群研究树种配置。选出枫香树、青冈、香樟、马尾松、黄连木、朴树、钩栲、木荷、银杏、甜槠等23种适宜造林的乡土树种。树种配置不固定到种,采取6种以上树种混交,喜光树种作先锋种,根据经营目的搭配中性和耐荫树种的模式。选出的造林乡土树种和树种配置模式,实用性强,可以为当地建设长期稳定的森林群落提供树种选择理论依据。156 ancient tree groups with more than 3 species and more than 15 ancient trees in Huaihua City were studied,the structural characteristics of tree species and ancient tree groups were analyzed,and the local tree species and allocation model suitable for afforestation in Huaihua City were selected.The scores of tree species were calculated according to mean DBH,mean height,number of trees and important values,and the afforestation trees were selected according to the scores.The number of tree species,number of trees,average DBH and average height were used to calculate the scores of ancient tree groups,and the first 20 ancient tree groups were selected to study the tree species configuration.Twenty-three kinds of native tree species suitable for afforestation were selected,such as sweetgum,fagang,cinnamomum camphor,masson pine,Chinese pistacia,acacia castanopsis,Schima,ginkgo and Castanopsis castanopsis.The distribution of tree species is not fixed to species,and more than 6 tree species are mixed,light-loving tree species are the pioneer species,and neutral and shad-tolerant tree species are matched according to the management purpose.The selected native tree species and tree species allocation model are highly practical and can provide theoretical basis for tree species selection in the construction of long-term stable forest communities.

关 键 词：多树种古树群 优选 乡土造林树种 国家储备林 怀化市 

分 类 号：S725.1[农业科学—林木遗传育种]