不同施肥处理对盆栽散尾葵生理指标的影响  

Effects of Unbalanced Fertilization on Growth and Development of Potted Dypsis lutescens at Different Growth Stages

作　　者：黄赛 赵俊蕃 陈业光 张浪 陈宣 钟国和 任军方 Huang Sai;Zhao Junfan;Chen Yeguang;Zhang Lang;Chen Xuan;Zhong Guohe;Ren Junfang(Tropical Horticulture Institute,Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Haikou Hainan 570100;Sanya Institute,Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Sanya Hainan 572025;Hainan Academy of Forestry(Hainan Academy of Mangrove),Haikou Hainan 571100)

机构地区：[1]海南省农业科学院热带园艺研究所,海南海口570100 [2]海南省农业科学院三亚研究院,海南三亚572025 [3]海南省林业科学研究院(海南省红树林研究院),海南海口570203

出　　处：《热带林业》2024年第2期39-43,38,共6页Tropical Forestry

基　　金：2020年海南省重点研发项目(ZDYF2020077)“热带切叶(枝)花卉品质提升关键技术研究与应用”;2021年院种质资源收集项目(2021-2-7)“热带特色花卉种质资源收集评价与育苗技术研究”。

摘　　要：以1年生、2年生、3年生散尾葵为试验材料,研究了不平衡施肥:CK(不施肥)、NP(施氮、磷肥)、NK(施氮、钾肥)、PK(施磷、钾肥)、NPK(施氮、磷、钾肥),对盆栽散尾葵生长发育及基质表层养分的影响。试验结果表明,不同施肥处理均显著促进不同生育期盆栽散尾葵生长。其中,NPK处理(尿素2g/株、过磷酸钙4g/株,氯化钾4g/株)条件下散尾葵株高、冠幅、茎粗及各器官生物量均处于最高水平;NPK平衡施肥在促进植株对叶绿素吸收、根系对基质中的养分吸收方面具有积极的作用;NPK平衡施肥促进不同生育期散尾葵的生长效果最佳,缺氮处理效果次之。氮肥少施,磷、钾肥合理配施是散尾葵整个生长期培育的关键之处。By using annual,biennial,and triennial potted Dypsis lutescens as experimental materials,designing five treatments--CK(no fertilizer),NP(nitrogen fertilizer,phosphorus fertilizer),NK(nitrogen fertilizer,potassium fertilizer),PK(phosphate fertilizer,potassium fertilizer),and NPK(nitrogen fertilizer,phosphorus fertilizer,potassium fertilizer),the effects of unbalanced fertilization on the growth and development of potted D.lutescens and the nutrients on the substrate surface were studied.The result indicated that all the different treatments significantly improved the growth at different growth stages of potted D.lutescens.Under NPK treatment(urea 2g'plant'l,calcium superphosphate 4g'plant',potassium chloride 4g'plant-'),plant height,crown width,stem diameter,and biomass of all organs were at the highest level.Meanwhile,NPK balanced fertilization had a positive effect on promoting the absorption of chlorophyll by plants and nutrients in the matrix by roots.Taken in all,NPK balanced fertilization had the best effect on promoting the growth of D.lutescens at different growth stages,followed by PK fertilization.

关 键 词：散尾葵 不平衡施肥 生长发育 

分 类 号：S546.6[农业科学—作物学]