小清河沿岸土壤中多环芳烃的污染特征、来源解析及生态风险评价  

Pollution Characteristics,Source Apportionment and Ecological Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soils along the Xiaoqing River

作　　者：车文璐 毛琼彬 于双 孟玲 武涵 安康 徐希柱 李元成 CHE Wenlu;MAO Qiongbin;YU Shuang;MENG Ling;WU Han;AN Kang;XU Xizhu;LI Yuancheng(School of Public Health,Shandong First Medical University&Shandong Academy of Medical Science,Jinan,Shandong 250117,China;Shandong Shuiyue Test and Analysis Co.,Ltd.,Taian,Shandong 271016,China)

机构地区：[1]山东第一医科大学(山东省医学科学院),公共卫生与健康管理学院,山东济南250117 [2]山东水岳检验检测有限公司,山东泰安271016

出　　处：《环境监控与预警》2024年第4期40-46,共7页Environmental Monitoring and Forewarning

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金青年项目(ZR2021QB126);山东第一医科大学学生SRTP项目(2022104391105,202310439047)。

摘　　要：为探究山东省小清河流域土壤中多环芳烃(PAHs)的污染特征、来源及生态风险,于2021年6—7月采集了小清河沿岸30份土壤样品,利用气相色谱-质谱联用法(GC-MS)测定其中16种优先控制PAHs的质量分数,采用特征组成比值法和主成分分析法对PAHs来源进行解析,采用风险商值法进行生态风险评价。结果表明,16种PAHs在所有样品中均有检出,总质量分数为59.07~800.86 ng/g,平均值为194.64 ng/g;其组成以高环PAHs为主,平均占比为:高环(45.70%)>中环(30.24%)>低环(24.06%);石油、煤和生物质燃烧源是土壤样品中PAHs的主要来源;7种致癌性PAHs是生态风险的主要来源,其中苯并(a)芘(BaP)和二苯并(a, h)蒽(DBA)的贡献最高;该研究区域土壤中PAHs生态风险较低,但个别采样点污染较重,加之小清河即将复航的影响,须重点关注潜在生态风险。To investigate the characteristics,sources,and ecological risks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)in the soil of the Xiaoqing River Basin in Shandong Province,30 soil samples along the river were collected in June to July,2021.The content of 16 priority-controlled PAHs was determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).The sources of PAHs were analyzed through characteristic composition ratio method and principal component analysis method,and risk quotient method was used for ecological risk assessment.The results showed that all 16 PAHs were detected in all samples,total concentrations ranged from 59.07 to 800.86 ng/g,with an average of 194.64 ng/g.High-ring PAHs dominated the composition,with an average proportion of high-ring(45.70%)>medium-ring(30.24%)>low-ring(24.06%).Fossil fuel,coal,and biomass combustion were the main contributors to PAHs in the samples.Seven carcinogenic PAHs were the primary sources of ecological risk,with BaP and DBA contributing the most.Compared to other studies,the ecological risk of PAHs in the soil of the study area was relatively low,but some individual sampling points showed heavier contamination.More attention should be paid to potential ecological risk due to the reorientation plan on Xiaoqing River.

关 键 词：多环芳烃 土壤 来源解析 风险评价 小清河 

分 类 号：X825[环境科学与工程—环境工程]