远程监护设备对不同居住安排老年人健康的影响——基于中国老年社会追踪调查的分析  

The Impact of Remote Monitoring Devices on the Health of Older Adults with Different Living Arrangements:An Analysis Based on the China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey

作　　者：王春彧 杜世超 WANG Chunyu;DU Shichao

机构地区：[1]重庆大学建筑城规学院山地城镇建设与新技术教育部重点实验室 [2]复旦大学社会学系

出　　处：《上海城市规划》2024年第3期37-42,共6页Shanghai Urban Planning Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“基于多中介效应跌倒风险模型的山地住区建成环境适老性提升策略”(编号52308010);重庆市建设科技计划项目“城乡统筹背景下老年人照料设施的可持续发展模式研究与应用”(编号城科字2023第6-7号)资助。

摘　　要：远程监护设备通过监测老年人的体征、环境或需求,可以实现对老年人护理的远程辅助。基于中国老年社会追踪调查(CLASS)2018年度、2020年度的2期数据,分析4 503名老年人的调查问卷结果,运用个体固定效应模型,以老年人的3种居住安排(独居、仅与配偶同居、多代同居)作为调节变量,探究4类常见远程监护设备(智能手环/手表、居家监控摄像头、智能一体机/音箱、智能睡眠监测)的使用对城市居家老年人健康水平的影响。结果表明,至少使用其中一种设备即可对老年人的健康水平产生显著的提升效应。这一提升效应在独居老人群体中尤其突出,并且不同设备的影响也存在差异。揭示远程监护设备对老年人的健康效益存在居住安排方面的异质性,为智慧养老的研究和实践提供实证依据。Remote monitoring devices can provide remote assistance for the care of older adults by monitoring their vital signs,environment,or needs.Based on two sets of data from the China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey(CLASS)in 2018 and 2020,this study analyzes questionnaire results from 4503 older adults.Using an individual fixed effects model and three types of living arrangements among older adults-living alone,living with a spouse,and multi-generational cohabitation-as moderators,the study explores the impact of four common types of remote monitoring devices-smart wristbands/watches,home surveillance cameras,smart screens/speakers,and smart sleep monitors-on the health levels of urban older adults.The results show that using at least one type of device could significantly improve the health levels of older adults.This improvement effect is particularly significant among those who live alone,and there are also differences in the effects of different devices.The study reveals heterogeneity in the health benefits of remote monitoring devices for older adults based on their living arrangements and provides empirical evidence for research and practice in smart aging care.

关 键 词：智慧养老 远程监护设备 居住安排 老年健康 空巢老人 独居老人 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]