飞灰/污泥衍生燃料物料配比对熔融特性的影响研究  

The effect of material formula of fly ash/sludge derived fuel on its melting characteristics

作　　者：张志霄[1] 邬哲凡 马加德 ZHANG Zhixiao;WU Zhefan;MA Jiade(School of Mechanical Engineering,Hangzhou Dianzi University,Hangzhou 310018;China Hangzhou Oemission Technology Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou 310030,China)

机构地区：[1]杭州电子科技大学机械工程学院,浙江杭州310018 [2]杭州欧益明昇科技有限公司,浙江杭州310030

出　　处：《杭州电子科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第3期33-42,共10页Journal of Hangzhou Dianzi University：Natural Sciences

基　　金：浙江省“领雁”研发攻关计划资助项目(2022C03092)。

摘　　要：由垃圾焚烧飞灰与污泥制备的衍生燃料ASDF(Ash Sludge Derived Fuel),其物料配比对熔融特性有重要影响。本文研究了不同物料配比和添加剂条件下ASDF熔融温度的变化规律,并利用FactSage对熔融过程中的矿物质成分变化进行了分析。研究表明,不同配比的ASDF灰熔点受其碱度和各原料间高温协同作用的影响而改变。当垃圾焚烧飞灰、市政污泥、煤的质量比为30∶30∶40时灰流动温度最低,为1 150℃,在此配比下ASDF灰中钙黄长石(Ca_(2)Al_(2)SiO_(7))、钙铁榴石(Ca_(3)Fe_(2)Si_(3)O_(12))、赤铁矿(Fe_(2)O_(3))、硅钙石(Ca_(3)Si_(2)O_(7))在1 140℃附近会发生低温共熔。ASDF中添加膨润土或硼砂均可使灰熔点降低。2%膨润土添加比下,ASDF灰碱度接近1,同时流动温度降至1 130℃;ASDF灰熔点随硼砂含量升高而显著地线性降低。综合考虑灰熔点过低可能产生的炉内结焦和灰团聚等影响,5%~9%的硼砂添加量可使原料完全灰化,灰流动温度最低降至1 039℃。The material formula of Ash Sludge Derived Fuel(ASDF) derived from waste incinerator fly ash and sludge has a significant impact on its melting characteristics. The melting temperature of ASDF with different material formulas and additive conditions were studied. Furthermore, the mineral compositions during melting processes were analyzed with FactSage. It was shown that the melting temperature was influenced by the formula of ASDF due to its alkalinity and the synergistic effect between the components of ASDF at high temperature. The ash flow temperature is the lowest(1 150℃) when the ratio of fly ash, municipal sludg and coal equals 30:30:40. The co-melting between gehlenite(Ca_(2)Al_(2)SiO_(7)), andradite(Ca_(3)Fe_(2)Si_(3)O_(12)), gematite(Fe_(2)O_(3)) and okenite(Ca_(3)Si_(2)O_(7)) occurs near 1 140℃ at this ratio. The addition of bentonite and borax to ASDF can reduce the melting temperature. With the ratio of 2% bentonite, the basicity of ASDF ash is close to 1 and the flow temperature reduces to 1 130 ℃. The melting temperature significantly decreases linearly with the increase of borax content in ASDF. Taking into account the potential impact of low ash melting temperature on slagging and ash agglomeration in the furnace, 5% to 9% of borax addition was recommended to achieve complete ashing of ASDF and the ash flow temperature reduces to 1 039℃.

关 键 词：垃圾焚烧飞灰 污泥 飞灰污泥衍生燃料 灰熔点 

分 类 号：TK16[动力工程及工程热物理—热能工程]