基于AHP-EWM-TOPSIS的秦岭北麓西安段冰酒葡萄生态适宜性评价  

Ecological Suitability Evaluation of Ice Wine Grapes in Xi'an Section of Northern Foothills of Qinling Mountains Based on AHP-EWM-TOPSIS

作　　者：王甜 杨联安[1] 张凯然 陈韩玲 徐蔚薰 尚小清[1] WANG Tian;YANG Lian’an;ZHANG Kairan;CHEN Hanling;XU Weixun;SHANG Xiaoqing(College of Urban and Environmental Sciences,Northwest University,Xi’an 710127)

机构地区：[1]西北大学城市与环境学院,西安710127

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2024年第20期115-121,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家大学生创新创业训练计划项目“基于GIS的秦巴山区茶树种植适宜性分析”(202110697142);国家大学生创新创业训练计划项目“基于Landsat8 OLI的延安市苹果种植面积时空演变及其影响因素”(202310697096);陕西省大学生创新创业训练计划项目“基于GIS的秦岭北麓冰酒葡萄种植生态适宜性评价”(S202210697253)。

摘　　要：本研究旨在评估冰酒葡萄(Ice wine grape)在秦岭北麓西安段的生态适宜性,以促进该作物种植的经济潜力并优化当地葡萄产业结构。根据冰酒葡萄生长需求和秦岭北麓自然气候特点,研究选取最冷月均温、≥10℃有效积温、生长季干燥度、坡度、土壤pH等评价因子,确立冰酒葡萄适宜性评价体系。基于秦岭北麓西安段2000—2021年逐日气象观测数据、生态数据,采用层次分析法(AHP)、改进熵值法(EWM)、TOPSIS综合评价法,本研究构建了一个冰酒葡萄种植综合区划评估模型,对影响冰酒葡萄种植的气候、地形、土壤三大指标的空间分布进行分析。经统计分析得出最适宜区、适宜区、次适宜区和不适宜区4个等级。结果表明,所提出的方法能够有效地识别秦岭北麓西安段内冰酒葡萄种植的生态优势区域,且所得区划结果与实际情况高度一致。这一发现对冰酒葡萄种植的区域布局和科学规划提供了重要参考。Ice wine grapes present significant economic benefits when compared to traditional grape varieties,but the planting conditions of ice wine grape were harsh.Thus,evaluating the ecological suitability of cultivating ice wine grapes can promote the planting of ice wine grape and optimize the grape industry structure.According to the growth demand of ice wine grape and natural climate characteristics of the northern foothills of the Qinling Mountains,evaluation factors such as the coldest monthly average temperature,effective accumulated temperature of≥10℃,dryness of growing season,the slope and soil pH were selected to establish the suitability evaluation system of ice wine grape.Based on daily meteorological observation data and ecological data of Xi'an section of the northern foot of the Qinling Mountains from 2000 to 2021,the entropy evaluation method(EWM)improved by hierarchical analysis method(AHP)and TOPSIS were used to establish a comprehensive zoning evaluation model for ice wine grape cultivation in this study.The spatial distribution of the three major indicators of climate,topography and soil affecting ice wine grape cultivation was analyzed.Through statistical analysis,the planting areas were classified into four levels,including most suitable,suitable,moderately suitable,and unsuitable,so as to homogenize the interior of each grade as much as possible.The zoning results were basically consistent with the actual situation.This method takes into account the combined effects of climatic indicators and geographical factors,and can better reflect the distribution of ecologically advantageous areas for ice wine grape cultivation in Xi'an section of the northern foot of the Qinling Mountains.It has important reference significance for the regional layout and scientific planning of ice wine grape cultivation.

关 键 词：生态适宜性 冰酒葡萄 区划分析 GIS AHP-EWM-TOPSIS 气候指标 地理因子 秦岭北麓西安段 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学] S127[农业科学—园艺学]