大兴安岭南麓黑土区阿荣旗耕地质量评价与障碍因素分析  

Evaluation of Cultivated Land Quality and Analysis of Obstacle Factors in Arong Banner Black Soil Area at Southern Foot of Daxing’an Mountains

作　　者：刘雅杰 刘战勇 张向前 路战远 迟文峰 程玉臣 张德健[1] 孙峰 刘祾悦 兰慧青 白东星 LIU Yajie;LIU Zhanyong;ZHANG Xiangqian;LU Zhanyuan;CHI Wenfeng;CHENG Yuchen;ZHANG Dejian;SUN Feng;LIU Lingyue;LAN Huiqing;BAI Dongxing(College of life sciences,Inner Mongolia University,Hohhot 010020,Inner Mongolia,China;Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural&Animal Husbandry Sciences,Hohhot 010031,Inner Mongolia,China;Key Laboratory of Black Soil Protection and Utilizationt,Hohhot 010031,Inner Mongolia,China;College of Resources and Environmental Economy,Inner Mongolia University of Finance and Economics,Hohhot 010017,Inner Mongolia,China;Arong Banner Agricultural development Center,Hulunbuir 162750,Inner Mongolia,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古大学生命科学学院,呼和浩特010020 [2]内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院,呼和浩特010031 [3]农业农村部黒土地保护与利用重点实验室,呼和浩特010031 [4]内蒙古财经大学资源与环境经济学院,呼和浩特010070 [5]阿荣旗农业事业发展中心,内蒙古呼伦贝尔162750

出　　处：《农学学报》2024年第7期58-66,共9页Journal of Agriculture

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技计划项目“内蒙古农牧交错区黑土地保护性耕作关键技术研究和示范”(2021GG0064);国家自然科学基金“农牧交错区旱作土壤有机碳组分及碳相关微生物多样性对耕作方式的响应机制”(32060450);内蒙古自治区科技计划项目“黑土地土壤退化过程与阻控关键技术研究”(2022YFDZ0060)。

摘　　要：明确耕地质量等级及障碍因子,对土地差异化利用和农业可持续发展具有重要意义。本研究以阿荣旗全境农田土壤为研究对象,利用GPS定点采集信息,通过专家打分、层次分析等方法计算各指标权重和隶属度,构建了16项指标为核心的耕地地力等级评价体系,研究耕地等级和量化障碍因子,分析各等级耕地分布和主要障碍因子。结果表明:根据耕地质量综合指数(IFI值),阿荣旗耕地可划分为8个等级,其中一至四等耕地面积占阿荣旗总耕地面积的95.70%。微生物多样性、灌溉排水能力、农田林网化是该区域农业生产的主要障碍因子。大兴安岭南麓黑土区阿荣旗耕地生产能力的提高,应考虑一至四等耕地的保护,五至八等耕地仅占总耕地面积的4.30%,可以实行退耕还草还林或粮草轮作等技术模式,修复生态环境,提升地力。It is of great significance for the cultivated land differentiated utilization and agricultural sustainable development to clarify farmland quality grade and obstacle factors.In this paper,the soil of farmland in Arong Banner was the research object,GPS was used for fixed-point information collection,and the weights and membership of each index were calculated by expert scoring and hierarchical analysis.And a soil fertility grade evaluation system with 16 indicators as the core was constructed,which studied cultivated land grade and quantitative obstacle factors,and the land distribution and the main obstacle factors of cultivated land at each grade were analyzed.The results showed that the cultivated land could be divided into eight grades according to the comprehensive index range of cultivated land quality grade(IFI value).The area of first to fourth class cultivated land accounted for 95.70% of the total cultivated land area of Arong Banner.Microbial diversity,irrigation and drainage capacity and forest network were the main obstacles to agricultural production in this region.In order to improve the production capacity of cultivated land in the black soil area of Arong Banner at the southern foot of the Daxing’an Mountains,the protection of cultivated land from grade one to four should be taken into account.The area of fifth to eighth class cultivated land only accounted for 4.30%.Technical modes such as converting farmland to grass or forest or grain and grass rotation could be implemented to restore the ecological environment and improve the fertility of cultivated land in fifth to eighth class cultivated land.

关 键 词：大兴安岭南麓 黑土农田 评价指标体系 耕地质量等级 障碍因子 

分 类 号：S159.2[农业科学—土壤学]