抗菌纺织品的概念辨析和研究开发方向  

The concept analysis and research and development direction of antibacterial textiles

作　　者：肖红 施楣梧 陈学军 XIAO Hong;SHI Meiwu;CHEN Xuejun(System Engineering Institute,Academy of Military Sciences(AMS),Beijing 100010,China;Nanjing Bioserica Era Antibacterial Materials Technology Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing,Jiangsu 211135,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军军事科学院系统工程研究院,北京100082 [2]南京禾素时代抗菌材料科技集团有限公司,江苏南京211135

出　　处：《毛纺科技》2024年第7期1-8,共8页Wool Textile Journal

摘　　要：国内外抗菌纺织材料标准及相关文献中,所述“抗菌”概念在对菌的处置力度上采用从“杀灭”到“抑制”的宽泛描述、抑菌率测试所选菌种缺乏对纺织品使用场景和人体易发皮肤病的针对性;多数标准仅考核对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、白色念珠菌的抑菌率。针对这些问题,文章通过分析自然环境、作业环境和人体的微生物状态,提出抗菌纺织品应成为阻隔致病微生物对人体(特别是皮肤)传播的围护结构,在“环境-纺织品-人体”这一系统中,纺织品对外应该减少环境中各种病原体二次传染的可能性,对内应该有针对性地适度杀灭影响皮肤健康的致病菌。在测试方面,应选择易引发疾病、特别是引发浅表皮肤病的致病菌作为纺织品抗菌性能检测的试验菌种,并兼顾对致臭菌的测试评价,且实现抗菌性能测试的快速化和可视化。In related standards and literatures of antibacterial textiles at home and abroad,the concept of"antibacterial"adopted a broad description from"kill"to"inhibit"in the treatment of bacteria,and the bacteria selected in the antibacterial rate test lacked the relevance to the textile in different environment and human skin diseases.Most of the standards only assessed the antibacterial rate of Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli and Candida albicans.In response to these problems,the microbial status of the natural environment,working environment and human body were analyzed in this paper,and the antibacterial textiles should become an enclosure structure to block the spread of pathogenic microorganisms on human body(especially skin)were proposed.In the"environment-textile-human body"system,textiles should reduce the possibility of secondary infection of various pathogens in the environment externally and moderately kill pathogenic bacteria affecting skin health in a targeted manner internally.In terms of testing,pathogenic bacteria that are easy to cause diseases,especially superficial skin diseases,should be selected as the test strains for the antibacterial performance test of textiles,and the test evaluation of odor-causing bacteria should be taken into account,and the rapid and visualization of the antibacterial performance test should be realized.

关 键 词：抗菌纺织品 抗菌概念 检测菌种 围护结构 无害化抗菌 致臭菌 快速测试 

分 类 号：TS101.4[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]