士大夫政治下的赵抃御史生涯述论  被引量:1

On the Career of Censor Zhao Bian under the Scholar-Official Politics

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作  者:王瑞来 WANG Ruilai(Institute of Oriental Culture,Japan Academy of Studies,Tokyo 171-8588,Japan)

机构地区:[1]日本学习院东洋文化研究所,日本东京都171-8588

出  处:《河北大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2024年第4期71-82,共12页Journal of Hebei University(Philosophy and Social Science)

摘  要:士大夫政治全面形成的仁宗朝,长期担任地方官的赵抃入朝出任殿中侍御史。经过真宗朝的制度建设,宋朝的御史与谏官摆脱名不副实的寄禄官状态,开始行使监察的正常职能。从此,合称台谏的御史与谏官在宋代历史上发挥了巨大的作用。士大夫政治极大地激发起多数读书人以天下为己任的责任意识,在尚无激烈党争的相对正常状态下,台谏的言行也让监察制度的反馈机制得到了正常运作。赵抃担任御史的两年间提出大量的奏疏就是明证。除了各种一般性地是正朝政,让赵抃最能显示“铁面御史”风采的,则是与当朝宰相陈执中等权臣的激烈抗争。赵抃言行的典型意义不仅在于他个人的特立独行,更在于他完整地将宋代士大夫的正面风貌集于一身,即儒学思想与士大夫政治氛围这种历史与现实共同铸就的中国传统读书人的担当精神。During the reign of Emperor Renzong,when the politics of the scholar-officials was fully established,Zhao Bian,who had long served as a local official,entered the court as a Palace Censor.Following the institutional construction during Emperor Zhenzong's reign,the Censors and Remonstrance Officials of the Song Dynasty transitioned from nominal positions with mere titles to ones actively exercising their supervisory functions.From then on,the Censors and Remonstrance Officials,collectively known as“Taijian”,played a significant role in the history of the Song Dynasty.The scholar-official politics greatly stimulated a sense of responsibility among many intellectuals.In the relatively normal state where there was no intense party struggle,the words and actions of the Taijian also enabled the feedback function of the supervisory system to operate normally.Zhao Bian's extensive submission of memorials during his two-year tenure as a Censor serves as clear evidence of this.Beyond general criticisms of state affairs,Zhao Bian's most notable contribution as the“Iron-faced Censor”was his fierce opposition to influential ministers such as Chancellor Chen Zhizhong.The significance of Zhao Bian's conduct lies not only in his personal integrity but also in his embodiment of the positive qualities of scholar-officials in the Song Dynasty.His actions reflect the spirit of responsibility that traditional Chinese intellectuals bore,shaped by the convergence of Confucian thought and the political environment of the scholar-officials.

关 键 词:宋代 士大夫政治 御史 赵抃 陈执中 

分 类 号:K244[历史地理—历史学]

 

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