上海博物馆藏北阴阳营遗址出土玉器的谱学分析及新发现  

Spectroscopic Analysis and New Findings of Jade Artifacts Unearthed From the Beiyinyangying Site in the Shanghai Museum Collection

作　　者：谷娴子 郑昕雨[2] 张跃峰 裔传臻 丘志力 GU Xian-zi;ZHENG Xin-yu;ZHANG Yue-feng;YI Chuan-zhen;QIU Zhi-li(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Sun Yat-sen University,Zhuhai 519082,China;Shanghai Mesuem,Shanghai 200003,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学地球科学与工程学院,广东珠海519082 [2]上海博物馆,上海200003

出　　处：《光谱学与光谱分析》2024年第8期2289-2295,共7页Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(42003022)资助。

摘　　要：北阴阳营遗址出土玉器面世近70年来一直缺乏科学测试分析。针对上海博物馆藏13件北阴阳营玉器,进行了超景深光学显微系统(OM)观察和红外光谱(FTIR)、便携式X射线荧光光谱(pXRF)、激光拉曼光谱(LRS)无损测试分析。谱学结果确认其材质包括云母质玉、石英质玉和符山石玉。结合前人感性鉴定结果,证实北阴阳营文化时期使用透闪石玉的比例确实较低。此外,拉曼谱学分析首次发现北阴阳营云母质玉中含金红石、独居石和红磷铁矿等特殊矿物包裹体,且有高铝低铁的化学成分特征,指示其为中酸性火山岩的热液蚀变产物,其母岩形成于较高温富Ti的地球化学环境。鉴于长江下游地区有较多中生代火山岩、次火山岩分布,有产生中低温热液蚀变云母类岩其母岩石的可能,且史前多处遗址有云母质玉器的考古发现,推测其原料有较大可能为就近取材,但确切的结论仍需进一步科学研究验证。Since their excavation nearly 70 years ago,the jade artifacts from the Beiyinyangying site have been lacking in scientific testing and analysis.To address this issue,13 jade artifacts from the Beiyinyangying site in the Shanghai Museum collection underwent non-destructive testing and analysis using a super-depth-of-field optical microscope,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometry(pXRF),and Raman spectroscopy.The spectroscopic results confirmed that the jade artifacts were made of micaceous jade,quartzose jade,and idocrase jade.This finding,combined with the previous visual identification results by scholars,reinforces the understanding that nephrite was not widely used during the Beiyinyangying cultural period.Additionally,Raman spectroscopic analysis revealed the presence of special mineral inclusions,such as rutile,monazite,and strengite,in the micaceous jade from the Beiyinyangying site.The jade exhibits high aluminum and low iron geochemical characteristics,indicating that it is a hydrothermal alteration product of intermediate-acidic volcanic rocks,which formed in a high-temperature,Ti-rich geochemical environment.Given the extensive distribution of Mesozoic volcanic and subvolcanic rocks in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River region,there is a possibility of the formation of medium-low temperature hydrothermally altered micaceous rocks.Moreover,considering the archaeological findings of micaceous jade artifacts at multiple prehistoric sites,it is assumed that the raw materials were likely sourced locally.However,further scientific research is necessary to draw a definitive conclusion.

关 键 词：北阴阳营 云母质玉 谱学分析 矿物包裹体 玉料来源 

分 类 号：P575.4[天文地球—矿物学]