全站仪自由设站法在基坑三维形变监测中的应用  

Application of Total Station Free Station Method in Three-dimensional Deformation Monitoring of Foundation Pit

作　　者：潘斌 PAN Bin(Hunan Hydrogeology and Environment Geological Survey and Monitoring Institute,Changsha 410100,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省水文地质环境地质调查监测所,湖南长沙410100

出　　处：《测绘与空间地理信息》2024年第7期154-156,164,共4页Geomatics & Spatial Information Technology

摘　　要：针对传统基坑水平位移和竖向位移监测方法存在的作业烦琐、效率较低等弊端,采用徕卡TS15智能型全站仪自由设站法对其进行改善,实现基坑围护结构顶部水平和竖向位移的快速同步获取。通对自由设站法的原理及平差过程进行详细阐述,利用某建筑基坑项目进行实例应用,分析研究设站精度,并与传统监测方法获取的变形数据进行对比分析,结果表明:自由设站法设站点点位中误差在2mm左右,满足规范中点位中误差小于3mm的要求,与传统监测方法的差值相对较小,满足二等基坑监测规范精度要求;但当基坑监测等级为一级时,应采用测角精度为0.5"的高精度全站仪进行监测作业,确保监测数据满足规范精度要求。Aiming at the disadvantages of traditional foundation pit horizontal displacement and vertical displacement monitoring meth-ods such as cumbersome operation and low efficiency,this paper adopts Leica TS15 intelligent total station free station method to im-prove it and realizes the fast and simultaneous acquisition of horizontal and vertical displacements of the top of the foundation pit enve-lope structure.By expounding the principle and adjustment process of the free station method in detail,this paper uses a building foundation pit project to carry out an example application,analyzes and studies the station setting accuracy,and compares and analy-zes the deformation data obtained by the traditional monitoring method.The results show that:the root mean square error of free station point is about 2 mm,which meets the requirement that the root mean square error of the station point is less than 3 mm in the specifi-cation.The difference as compared with the traditional monitoring method is relatively small and meets the accuracy requirements of the second-class foundation pit monitoring specification.When it applies to the first-class foundation pit monitoring,a high-accuracy total station with an angle measurement accuracy of O.5"should be used for monitoring operations to ensure that the monitoring data meets the specification accuracy requirements.

关 键 词：智能型全站仪 自由设站法 中误差 变形监测 

分 类 号：P25[天文地球—测绘科学与技术] TB22[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]