优化填料结构增强聚合物基复合材料的导热性能  

Enhancing Thermal Conductivity of Polymer Matrix Composite by Optimizing Filler Structure

作　　者：周雪颖 秦盟盟 封伟[1] ZHOU Xueying;QIN Mengmeng;FENG Wei(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学材料科学与工程学院,天津300072

出　　处：《功能高分子学报》2024年第4期295-303,共9页Journal of Functional Polymers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52173078,52130303)。

摘　　要：聚合物基复合材料是重要的热管理材料之一,然而聚合物的本征导热系数较低,添加导热填料是提高其导热系数的主要方法。研究填料本征结构对其复合材料导热性能的影响规律,进而提高填料的利用效率是获得高导热复合材料的关键。根据“拓扑优化-简化-验证”的研究思路,以复合材料的高导热性能为目标,基于拓扑优化得到具有最佳导热性能的填料结构,并对其结构进行简化,借助有限元模拟、红外热像仪等对复合材料的导热性能进行验证。结果表明,当填料的形状是两端较大、中间较小的哑铃状时,复合材料呈现出最佳的定向导热性能。该研究结果为高效导热填料的结构设计提供了一种新的思路。Polymer matrix composites are widely used in thermal management due to their advantages of light weight,corrosion resistance,easy processing and low cost.However,polymers typically have low thermal conductivities,and the addition of thermal conductive fillers is the main way to improve their thermal conductivities.The filler is one of the important factors that influence the thermal conductivity of composite materials.Therefore,the effect of the intrinsic structure of the filler on the thermal conductivity of polymer matrix composites is investigated to improve the utilization efficiency of the filler.According to the research idea of“topology optimization-simplification-verification”,the topology optimization is used to obtain the best structure of thermal conductivity filler by targeting the high thermal conductivity of the composite material.On the basis of this,the structure is simplified by considering the processability,and the thermal conductivity of the composite is verified by finite element analysis and infrared thermography.Results show that the composites present the best directional thermal conductivity when the shape of the filler is a dumbbell with two larger ends and a smaller center under the same graphite volume fraction.This paper provides a new idea for the structural design of highly efficient thermally conductive fillers and a new way to study the effect of the intrinsic structure of the filler on the thermal conductivity of composites and how to improve the utilization efficiency of fillers.

关 键 词：导热填料 拓扑优化 聚合物基复合材料 导热系数 热管理性能 

分 类 号：TQ327.9[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]