纳米材料修复Cd污染土壤的人体健康风险研究  

Study on Risks to Human Health of Remediation of Cd Contaminated Soil by Immobilization of Nano-particles

作　　者：邵雪 王利红[2] 成杰民 SHAO Xue;WANG Lihong;CHENG Jiemin(College of Geography and Environment,Shandong Normal University,Jinan 250358,China;Shandong Center for Analysis and Test,Jinan 250014,China)

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学地理与环境学院,山东济南250358 [2]山东省分析测试中心,山东济南250014

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2024年第4期197-204,共8页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(41877119,41471255)。

摘　　要：为评估纳米材料修复Cd污染土壤因偶然摄入导致的健康风险,该研究加入1.0%、1.5%、2.0%的纳米羟基磷灰石(n-HAP)、纳米四氧化三铁、改性纳米碳黑修复Cd污染棕壤,通过体外胃肠模拟法评估其对人体健康的影响。结果表明,3种纳米材料可有效降低土壤中DTPA提取态Cd含量,其中n-HAP效果最好;同时Cd的胃肠相生物可给性显著降低,并且随纳米材料添加量而降低,经口摄入的Cd胃相生物可给性均大于肠相。3种材料的添加量与胃肠相中Cd的生物可给性呈线性负相关,且对肠相生物可给性影响更大。纳米材料修复土壤显著降低了Cd污染土壤的非致癌健康风险和致癌健康风险,修复后土壤不存在显著的非致癌健康风险(HQ<1)和致癌风险(CR<1×10^(-6)),且对儿童的健康风险高于成人。因此,纳米材料能有效降低棕壤颗粒中Cd的生物可给性,从而缓解因偶然摄入导致的健康风险,为纳米材料修复Cd污染土壤的健康风险评估提供科学依据。In order to assess the health risks of Cd-contaminated soil after remediation by use of nano-particles in case of in-cidental ingestion,laboratory experimental studies were carried out,which involved addition of nano-particles including na-no-hydroxyapatite(n-HAP),nano-Fe3O4 and modified nano-scale carbon black to the samples of brown soil contaminated by cadmium(Cd),with the nano-partcle dosages of 1,0%,1.5%and 2.0%,respectively.As for the assessment of the effect on human health in vitro gastrointestinal simulation solubility bio-availability research consortium(SBRC)was applied.The experimental results obtained showed that the three kinds of nano-particles above-mentioned could effectively reduce the Cd content extracted from DTPA in soil,among them,n-HAP was most effective;meanwhile,the bio-availability of Cd in the gastrointestinal phase was significantly reduced,and declined with the amount of nano-particles added;and the oral ingestion of Cd in the gastric bio-availability was greater than that in the intestinal bio-availability.The amount added of three kinds of nano-particles had a negative linear correlation with the bio-availability of Cd in the gastrointestinal phase,exerting the greater effect on the bio-availability of the intestinal phase.As a consequence,nano-particles remediation of soil significantly could reduce the non-carcinogenic health risk and carcinogenic health risk of Cd-contaminated soil,and the soil having been remediated had no notable non-carcinogenic health risk(HQ<1),and carcinogenic risk(CR<1×10^(-6)),and the health risk to children was higher than adults.In conclusion,the nano-particles can effectively reduce the bio-availability of Cd in brown soil particles,thus mitigating the health risk in case of accidental ingestion.Thus the research achievements provide a scientif-ic basis for the health risk assessment of nano-particles applied to the remediation of Cd-contaminated soil.

关 键 词：纳米材料 SBRC 土壤CD污染 生物可给性 人体健康风险 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X17