基于弹塑性理论的复杂截面导轨校直模型研究  

Research on Straightening Model of Complex Section Guide Rail Based on Elastic-Plastic Theory

作　　者：王永昱 梁医[1,2] 沈永斌 欧屹 WANG Yongyu;LIANG Yi;SHEN Yongbin;OU Yi(School of Mechanical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,China;Zhejiang Tianyu Section Steel Technology Co.,Ltd.,Lishui 323000,China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学机械工程学院,南京210094 [2]浙江天裕型钢科技有限公司,丽水323000

出　　处：《组合机床与自动化加工技术》2024年第7期51-56,63,共7页Modular Machine Tool & Automatic Manufacturing Technique

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(51405233);丽水经济技术开发区重点研发计划项目(2022KFQZDYF8)。

摘　　要：为解决具有复杂截面导轨的横向和纵向弯曲变形校直问题,建立校直挠度的理论模型,并给出明确的校直行程公式。首先,分析导轨基于线性强化弹塑性材料的弹塑性阶段应力与应变几何关系;其次,依据弯矩与应力的表达式,结合弯矩的轴向变化规律,确定塑性阶段校直压力的范围,得到校直压力与总校直挠度和初始挠度的关系;最后,建立校直的理论计算模型。为验证理论模型的正确性,在ABAQUS中建立导轨的线性强化弹塑性力学模型,采用一端固定一端滑动的约束,加载头加载的方式,仿真校直压力与挠度之间的关系。结果表明,理论模型与有限元仿真的挠度与校直压力曲线规律完全一致,验证了理论模型的可行性与正确性。To solve the straightening problem of lateral and longitudinal bending deformations in a rail with complex cross-sections,a theoretical model for straightening deflection is established,along with explicit equations for straightening stroke.First of all analyze the guide based on linear reinforced elastic-plastic material elastic-plastic stage stress and strain geometric relationship,based on the expression of the bending moment and stress,combined with the bending moment of the axial change rule,to determine the range of plastic stage of the straightening pressure,to get the straightening pressure with the relationship between the total straightening deflection and the initial deflection and the final establishment of the straightening of theoretical calculation model.In order to verify the correctness of the theoretical model,the linear reinforced elastic-plastic mechanics model of the guide rail is established in ABAQUS,and the constraints of one end fixed and one end sliding are adopted,and the loading head is loaded,so as to simulate the relationship between the straightening pressure and the deflection.The results indicate that the theoretical model and the finite element simulation of the deflection and straightening pressure curve law is completely consistent,which verifies the feasibility and correctness of the theoretical model.

关 键 词：直线导轨 校直压力 总校直挠度 回弹挠度 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TG502[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]