河南省夏玉米花期高温热害时空分布特征  

Spatial and Temporal Distribution Characteristics of Heat Damage at Flowering Stage of Summer Maize in Henan Province

作　　者：李志[1,2,3] 路浩冉 杨官官 李鸿萍 王群[1] 李潮海[1] 周国涛[4] 卢春光 张永恩 LI Zhi;LU Haoran;YANG Guanguan;LI Hongping;WANG Qun;LI Chaohai;ZHOU Guotao;LU Chunguang;ZHANG Yongen(Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450046,China;Agricultural Information Institute of CAAS,Beijing 100081,China;Key Laboratory of Agricultural Monitoring and Early Warning Technology,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100081,China;Henan Yunfei Technology Development Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou 450003,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学,河南郑州450046 [2]中国农业科学院农业信息研究所,北京100081 [3]农业农村部农业监测预警重点实验室,北京100081 [4]河南云飞科技发展有限公司,河南郑州450003

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2024年第7期10-20,共11页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD2302800)。

摘　　要：基于1957—2022年河南省109个县(区)气象站的逐日气象数据,计算夏玉米花期日最高气温≥35℃持续天数及累计天数,从连续型高温热害与非连续型高温热害2个方面分析河南省夏玉米花期高温热害的发生频率和时空分布特征,以期为河南省夏玉米生产上的抗灾避灾提供科学依据。结果表明,在时间分布上,1957—2022年,河南省夏玉米花期高温热害发生频率呈现出先降低后增加的趋势,在2010年以后,高温热害呈现频发趋势,且连续型高温热害的发生频率更高。高温热害发生频率较高的时间为1960年代和2010年以后,且1960年代以中度和重度高温热害为主,2010年以后以轻度和中度高温热害为主。在空间分布上,河南省夏玉米花期高温热害发生频率呈现出豫东、豫南地区较高,豫西、豫北较低的特征。高温热害高风险地区分布于南阳市南部、驻马店市、周口市和商丘市东部,低风险地区分布于安阳市、濮阳市和鹤壁市。在高温热害类型上,商丘市南部更容易发生连续型高温热害;漯河市和周口市更容易发生非连续型轻度高温热害,南阳市南部更容易发生非连续型中度和重度高温热害,驻马店市南部更容易发生非连续型重度高温热害。Based on the daily meteorological data of 109 counties(districts)meteorological stations in Henan Province from 1957 to 2022,the duration days and cumulative days of daily maximum temperature≥35℃at flowering stage of summer maize were calculated.The frequency and spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of heat damage at flowering stage of summer maize in Henan Province were analyzed from two aspects of continuous heat damage and non⁃continuous heat damage,so as to provide scientific basis for disaster prevention and disaster avoidance in summer maize production in Henan Province.The results showed that in terms of time distribution,from 1957 to 2022,the frequency of heat damage at flowering stage of summer maize decreased first and then increased in Henan Province.After 2010,the frequency of heat damage showed a trend of frequent occurrence,and the frequency of continuous heat damage was higher.The higher frequency of heat damage happened in 1960s and after 2010,and the 1960s was dominated by moderate and severe heat damage,and after 2010,mild and moderate heat damage dominated.In terms of spatial distribution,the frequency of heat damage at flowering stage of summer maize was higher in eastern and southern Henan,and lower in western and northern Henan.The high⁃risk areas of heat damage were south of Nanyang City,Zhumadian City,Zhoukou City and the east of Shangqiu City.The low risk areas of heat damage were Anyang City,Puyang City and Hebi City.In terms of the type of heat damage,the south of Shangqiu City was more prone to continuous heat damage;Luohe City and Zhoukou City were more prone to non⁃continuous mild heat damage,southern Nanyang City was more prone to non⁃continuous moderate and severe heat damage,and southern Zhumadian City was more prone to non⁃continuous severe heat damage.

关 键 词：夏玉米 热害 花期 发生频率 时空分布 河南省 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]