新石器时代出土漆器的跨区域比较研究  

Cross-Regional Comparative Study of Neolithic Age Lacquerware Discoveries

作　　者：秦小丽 Qin Xiaoli

机构地区：[1]复旦大学文物与博物馆学系、科技考古研究院,上海200433

出　　处：《中原文化研究》2024年第4期17-24,共8页The Central Plains Culture Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“绿松石产源视角下先秦文化互动与交流研究”子课题三“绿松石制品类型和功用研究”(22&ZD243)。

摘　　要：漆器作为人类早期的重要发明,与早期陶器一样是中华文明对世界文明的重要贡献之一,也是人类对自然资源认识与利用的结晶。目前考古发现最早使用漆器的国家是中国与日本。我国长江下游在距今8200年的井头山遗址出土了迄今世界上最早的漆器,而日本绳文时代鸟滨遗址也出土了距今6000年前的红色漆梳。本文在梳理中日两国新石器时代出土资料的基础上,从漆器原料、制漆工具、制作技术及科技分析等方面,对这一时期漆器制作工艺的复杂性、艺术性和礼仪性进行了跨区域比较分析。漆器作为早期国家祭祀礼仪体系的物化体现之一,彰显了漆器手工业在东亚早期国家进程中具有的重要性和对周边其他国家地区的影响与传播。Lacquerware,as a significant invention of early mankind,ranks alongside pottery as one of the noteworthy contributions of Chinese civilization to world culture.It represents a culmination of human comprehension and utilization of natural resources.Recent archaeological findings indicate that China and Japan were among the earliest countries to use lacquerware.The world’s oldest lacquerware,dating back to 8,200 years ago,was discovered at the Jingtoushan site in the Yangtze River region in China.Additionally,a red lacquer comb from 6,000 years ago was excavated at the Torihama site during Japan’s Jomon period.This paper conducts a cross-regional comparative analysis focusing on Neolithic lacquerware production technology in China and Japan.It delves into the complexity,artistry,and ritual aspects of lacquerware production during this era through examining raw materials,lacquer-making tools,production techniques,as well as scientific and technological analyses.Serving as a materialized representation of early national sacrificial rituals systems,lacquerware craftsmanship underscores its significance in the development of early states in East Asia.Furthermore,this essay explores its influence and dissemination to neighboring countries and regions.

关 键 词：新石器时代 东亚早期漆器 跨区域比较 早期国家 祭祀礼仪 

分 类 号：K871[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]