宋朝周边政权朝贡贸易输入的名贵药物及其医学应用探析  

Analysis of Precious Medicinal Materials Imported from Tribute Trade of the Surrounding Regimes and Their Medical Applications During the Song Dynasty

作　　者：韩毅[1] Han Yi

机构地区：[1]中国科学院自然科学史研究所,北京100190

出　　处：《中原文化研究》2024年第4期76-88,共13页The Central Plains Culture Research

基　　金：中国科学院战略研究与决策支持系统建设专项项目“中国科技传统及其现实意义研究”(E3293G03ZY);国家社会科学基金一般项目“唐宋时期中医药著作域外传播与影响研究”(23BZS038)。

摘　　要：两宋时期,生活在宋朝周边的甘州回鹘、龟兹回鹘、高昌回鹘、于阗李氏王朝、沙州归义军、交趾、占城、凉州吐蕃、青唐吐蕃、西夏、大理、辽朝、金朝、高丽等政权,先后通过朝贡贸易的形式,将原产于当地的土产药材和来自海外的乳香、安息香、龙涎香、苏合香、艾纳香、荜拨、胡椒、肉豆蔻、白豆蔻、胡黄连、犀角等珍稀药物传入宋朝境内。域外名贵药物的传入,不仅极大地丰富了中药材的品种,而且经宋朝官府医学机构和广大医家验证并确定其性味、主治和功效后,被收入官修医学本草、方书和民间医书之中,成为中药学、方剂学的重要来源和组成部分,广泛应用于临床疾病诊疗。During the Song dynasty,local regimes such as Ganzhou Uighur,Qiuci Uighur,Gaochang Uighur,Khotan,Shazhou Guiyi Army,Jiaozhi,Zhancheng,Liangzhou Tubo,Qingtang Tubo,Xixia,Dali,Liao,Jin and Koryo,lived in the surrounding areas of the Song regime.Through the form of tribute trade,they introduced locally produced medicinal materials such as frankincense,benzoin,ambergris,storesin,blumea balsamifera,piper longum,pepper,nutmeg,amomum cardamomum,picrorhiza scrophularii flora pennell,rhinoceros horn etc.into the central plain area.The introduction of these precious medicinal materials enriched traditional Chinese medicine.After the verification and determination of their properties,flavors,therapeutic effects,and efficacy by medical institutions and medical experts of the Song dynasty,these substances were incorporated into official medical pharmacopoeias,medical compendiums,and folk medical books.They have become important sources and components of Chinese materia medica and prescription studies and are widely applied in clinical diagnosis and treatment of diseases.

关 键 词：宋朝 周边政权 朝贡贸易 名贵药物 医学应用 

分 类 号：K244[历史地理—历史学] K245[历史地理—中国史]