儿童青少年不同肥胖类型对心血管代谢异常的影响  

Effects of different types of obesity on cardiometabolic abnormalities in children and adolescents

作　　者：王菲菲[1] 胡家[1] 倪林[1] 张玲[1] WANG Fei-fei;HU Jia;NI Lin;ZHANG Ling(Department of Endocrinology,the First People's Hospital of Huzhou,Huzhou,Zhejiang 313000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖州市第一人民医院内分泌科,浙江湖州313000

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2024年第13期2383-2387,共5页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

基　　金：浙江省医药卫生科技计划项目(2022KY364)。

摘　　要：目的 分析儿童青少年不同肥胖类型对心血管代谢异常的影响,为制定儿童青少年心血管代谢异常的预防方案提供证据支持。方法 采用分层整群抽样的方式选择2021年湖州地区1 001名6~17岁满足肥胖标准的儿童青少年作为研究对象,进行相关检查,包括身高、体质量、体质量指数(BMI)、血压、血液生化指标、影像学检查、腰围身高比(WHtR)。选用BMI和WHtR评价儿童青少年肥胖情况。结果 1 001名研究对象中,小学生483例,中学生518例。小学生外周型肥胖的检出率为4.14%,中心型肥胖的检出率为43.48%,复合型肥胖的检出率为52.38%;中学生外周型肥胖的检出率为5.98%,中心型肥胖的检出率为38.22%,复合型肥胖的检出率为55.79%。不同肥胖类型的儿童青少年高血糖、高血压、高三酰甘油血症、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇异常、脂肪肝、2个及以上异常的发生率比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。不同肥胖类型对儿童青少年心血管代谢异常的发生有影响。结论 不同肥胖类型的儿童青少年代谢异常检出情况存在差异,可通过诊断儿童青少年的肥胖类型对心血管代谢异常情况进行初步评估,并针对性制定预防措施,降低儿童青少年心血管代谢异常的检出率。Objective To analyze the effects of different obesity types in children and adolescents on cardiometabolic abnormalities,and provide evidence for the development of programs to prevent cardiometabolic abnormalities in children and adolescents in the future.Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 1001 children and adolescents aged 6-17 years old with different obesity types from Huzhou region in 2021 as the subjects of this study.Related items were checked,including height,weight,body mass index(BMI),blood pressure,blood biochemical index,imaging examination,and waist-to-height ratio(WHtR).BMI and WHtR were used to evaluate obesity situation of these children and adolescents.Results Among 1001 children and adolescents,483 primary school students and 518 middle school students were included.Among the primary school students,the detection rates of peripheral obesity,central obesity,and compound obesity were 4.14%,43.48%,and 52.38%,respectively.Among the middle school students,the detection rates of peripheral obesity,central obesity,and compound obesity were 5.98%,38.22%,and 55.79%,respectively.There were statistically significant differences in the incidence rates of hyperglycemia,hypertension,hypertriglyceridemia,abnormal high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,fatty liver,and two or more than two abnormalities among the children and adolescents with different types of obesity(all P<0.05).Different types of obesity had impacts on occurrence of cardiometabolic abnormalities in children and adolescents.Conclusion Children and adolescents with different types of obesity have different cardiometabolic abnormalities,evaluating the types of obesity in children and adolescents can predict the risk of cardiometabolic abnormalities and formulate preventive measures to reduce the detection rate of cardiometabolic abnormalities.

关 键 词：外周型肥胖 中心型肥胖 复合型肥胖 儿童 青少年 血压 血脂 血糖 代谢异常 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]